Geography AQA PAPER 1

Geography AQA PAPER 1 Natural Hazard Natural Hazard is any natural process that is a potential threat to human life and property. Factors affecting hazard risk – • Urbanisation • Poverty • Development • Climat ...

Geography AQA PAPER 1 Natural Hazard Natural Hazard is any natural process that is a potential threat to human life and property. Factors affecting hazard risk – • Urbanisation • Poverty • Development • Climate change Constructive plates - Two plates move apart, magma forces way along gap and causes earthquake, erupted lava cools and forms volcano. Ecotourism - The practice of using an area's natural environment to attract tourists which is sustainable and won't damage area. Destructive plate - Two plates moving towards one another, oceanic plate subducts under continental plate and friction causes melting of oceanic plate, triggers earthquake Conservative plate - Two plates moving alongside, friction can send shockwaves causing earthquakes Where are volcanoes distributed? - Coastline and tectonic plate boundaries Where are earthquakes distributed? - Coastline and tectonic plate boundaries Chile HIC earthquake - 27th feb 2010, 8.8 Richter scale, caused on destructive plate margin PE- 5000 deaths, Santiago airport damaged SE- 1500km road damaged by landslide IR- Emergency service floating bridge, field hospitals LTR- President said 4 years to recover Nepal LIC earthquake - 25th April 2015, 7.9 Richter scale, caused by collision of eurasian and Australian plate PE- 3 mil homeless SE- Avalanche 250 missing IR- Social media search, field hospitals LTR- Homeless rehoused, tourist site reopened Why would people live next to natural hazards? - Rarity of volcano explosion, poverty, fertile flood plain soils How to reduce risk from tectonic hazard – Monitoring- using scientific equipment to detect warning Prediction- historical events Protection- designing buildings Planning- identifying and avoiding places at risk Coriolis effect - The effect of Earth's rotation on the direction of winds and currents Formation of a storm - 26 degrees water, close to equator, warm ocean heats air causing it to rise, water evaporates from hot surface, so rising air contains water vapour, air starts to spin, eye is calm.