Environmental Science Milestone 1

Select the date and time of human arrival according to the one-year calendar model based on the Big Bang theory.  December 31, 11:54 p.m.  December 30, 11:59 p.m.  December 1, 12:00 a.m.  December 15, 11:55 ...

Select the date and time of human arrival according to the one-year calendar model based on the Big Bang theory.  December 31, 11:54 p.m.  December 30, 11:59 p.m.  December 1, 12:00 a.m.  December 15, 11:55 p.m. CONCEPT Earth's Formation 3 Plant and animal life faced many challenges when moving from water to land. Select the FALSE statement about this transition.  Plant and animal life experienced increased effects of gravity on land.  Organisms tended to dry out upon moving to land.  Organisms had to adapt in order to reproduce on land.  Plant and animal life suffered from a lack of consistent sunlight on land. CONCEPT Early Life 4 Choose the statement that is most likely made by an environmentalist rather than by an environmental scientist.  Coal-powered plants emit 40% of the United States’ total carbon dioxide and 50% of its particle pollution.  The burning of fossil fuels causes more environmental damage than using renewable energy sources.  Lessening our dependence on fossil fuels is the most important environmental issue facing the world today.  Some renewable energy sources capture their energy from natural processes, such as wind, flowing water and the sun. CONCEPT Environmentalism 5 Which of the following correctly defines sustainability?  The observation of interdependence among biological organisms within a specific environment  Promotes and maintains conditions under which nature and humans can co-exist indefinitely  The objective study of humans and their environment  Promotes the management of a variety of species in a particular habitat CONCEPT Biodiversity Sustainability 6 Which statement below about Rachel Carson and her contributions to environmental awareness is true?  She wrote in 1949 that humans and nature depend on one another and humans are ethically obligated to protect the environment.  She published a book in 1962 about the effects of agricultural use of chemicals and pesticides on the environment and spurred a new national awareness of the environment.  She wrote an important book that closed the gap between biological and social sciences by examining the interactions between all living things.  She died in 1862, but she had great influence shaping the philosophy of modern-day environmentalism with early calls for protected wildlife areas. CONCEPT Environmentalism 7 Which of the following is true about continental drift?  Throughout the planet’s history, tectonic plates have remained in generally the same positions.  The movement of tectonic plates is caused by earthquakes and volcanoes.  Tectonic plates float on the molten core and are constantly in motion.  Biodiversity is improved by the joining of continents, which decreases the amount of shoreline. CONCEPT Continental Drift and Major Extinctions 8 “Let’s use the scientific method to solve this,” said John. His roommate Dean stared. “Huh?” “Look. We plug in the blender to make our smoothies, but it won’t turn on, right? So we ask ourselves why. We see that other electrical things are working in the apartment, so we know it isn’t a problem with the electricity.” “So why won’t the blender turn on? The outlet? The blender itself?” “Exactly,” John said. “Those are the things we have to check.” “I think it’s a crappy blender,” said Dean, “and that we should just replace it.” “I guess you’re right,” said John. “You wanna drive?” According to the steps of the scientific method, which of the following did the roommates fail to do?  Formulate a question  Arrive at a hypothesis  Test the hypothesis  Reach a conclusion CONCEPT Science & The Scientific Process 9 Which of the following is NOT a major impact of population growth?  Increased need for energy leading to depletion of natural resources  The degradation of habitat and the loss of species  Air and water pollution and climate change  The thinning of the ozone layer allowing harmful radiation to reach Earth CONCEPT The Impact of Population Growth 10 Select the item below that is biotic.  Dirt  Water  Algae  Air CONCEPT Environmental Science 11 Melissa believes that all living creatures are similar in their desire to avoid pain. Melissa holds which of the following environmental ethical positions?  Ethnocentric  Anthropocentric  Biocentric  Ecocentric CONCEPT Ethics and Stewardship 12 Choose the statement about human population growth that is NOT correct.  Innovation and technology may play a role in lessening the impact of future population growth.  There are two possible scenarios for future population growth.  Approximately 72 million people are added to the planet each year.  If population growth continues at its present rate, there will be 8.9 billion people on Earth by 2050. CONCEPT The Impact of Population Growth 13 Which of the following is a global sustainability issue that was NOT identified by the Brundtland Report in 1987?  Natural resource use  Safe drinking water  Human population growth  Energy use CONCEPT Sustainability 14 Ecosystems provide many benefits to humans, which are termed "ecosystem services." Using natural resources for food and fuel is an example of the __________ services that ecosystems are capable of providing.  regulating  supporting  cultural  provisioning CONCEPT Biodiversity 15 Which of the following is the best example of how a government agency can apply environmental science?  Regulate air emissions from a coal factory  Purchase only free-range, organic chicken  Provide mosquito netting for malaria-stricken areas  Study the decline in honeybee populations around the world CONCEPT Applying Environmental Science 16 Factors that led to population growth during the Industrial Revolution and the Green Revolution include all of the following except __________.  improvements in technology  improved methods of transportation  increased food productivity  more government regulations CONCEPT Human Arrival and Expansion 17 Which of the following describes an effect of overfishing experienced at the individual level?  A fish species becomes extinct  A fisherman loses his livelihood  A fish experiences hormone imbalances from water pollution  A chain of restaurants along the coast begins to lose business