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BIOLOGY

Plasma membrane - -A protein studded, fatty film so thin that it cannot be seen with a light microscope, consisting of two-ply sheet of lipid molecules 5 nm thick which proteins have been inserted. ... -Lipid Bilayer - -double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes -Phosphatidylcholine - -Common phospholipid present in abundance in most cell membranes; uses choline attached to a phosphate as its head group. -Phospholipids - -the most abundant lipid in the plasma membrane; have a phosphate-containing hydrophilic head linked to two hydrophobic tails -amphipathic - -having both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region -unsaturated hydrocarbon tails - -contains a double bond that makes a "kink" in the hydrocarbon tail; prevent packing, enhancing membrane fluidity; -saturated hydrocarbon tails - -pack together, increasing membrane viscosity -Endoplasmic Reticulum - - -scramblase - -enzymes that remove randomly selected phospholipids from one of half of the bilayer and deposit them in the other. Found in ER -flippase - -remove specific phospholipids from facing the exterior space and flip them into the later facing the cytosol found in Golgi -membrane proteins - -Embedded proteins that perform specific functions for the cell membrane.; peripheral and integral -transporters - -mechanisms in the membrane of a cell that actively transport ions or molecules across the membrane -ion channels - -A transmembrane protein channel that allows a specific ion to diffuse across the membrane down its concentration or electrochemical gradient. [Show More]

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