*NURSING > NCLEX > Pharmacology Success NCLEX -Style Q&A Review THIRD EDITION Kathryn Cadenhead Colgrove, RN, MS, CNS  (All)

Pharmacology Success NCLEX -Style Q&A Review THIRD EDITION Kathryn Cadenhead Colgrove, RN, MS, CNS Christi Doherty, DNP, MSN, RNC-OB, CNE

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The sutured area must be cleansed with soap and water and patted dry, and an antibiotic ointment, such as Neosporin, should be applied to prevent infection. 6. 1. Atenolol (Tenormin), a beta block... er antihy- pertensive medication, would not interfere with the contrast dye that is used when performing a CT scan. 2. The contrast dye used in a CT scan is iodine based, and an allergy to shellfi sh suggests an allergy to iodine and would warrant the nurse notifying the HCP to cancel the contrast part of the CT scan. Further assessment would be needed. 3. Aspirin would not interfere with the con- trast dye that is used when performing a CT scan. 4. Metformin (Glucophage), a biguanide medication used for control of diabetes, must not be taken because the kidneys remove metformin; contrast medium can greatly increase the level of metformin in the blood because damaged kidneys are not as effective at removing metformin from the body. 5. Alcohol is not contraindicated when per- forming a CT scan. MEDICATION MEMORY JOGGER: The nurse must be knowledgeable about accepted standards of practice for disease processes and conditions. If the nurse administers a medication the HCP has prescribed and it harms the client, the nurse could be held accountable. Remember, the nurse is a client advocate. 7. 1. The normal serum potassium level is 3.5 to 4.5 mEq/L. Because the client’s potassium level is within normal range, the nurse has no reason to question this medication order. 2. The normal serum osmolality is 275 to 300 mOsm/kg. Because the client’s level is within this range, the nurse would have no reason to question administering this medication. 3. The normal digoxin level is 0.8 to 2.0 mg/dL. A digoxin level of 2.4 mg/dL would warrant the nurse questioning the administration of this medication. The trade name for digoxin is Lanoxin and the classifi cation is cardiac glycoside. 4. The therapeutic serum level of phenytoin (Dilantin), an anticonvulsant, is 10 to 20 μg/ mL. Because the client’s level is within this N EUROLOGICAL S YSTEM range, the nurse should not question admin- istering this medication. 8. 1. Administering narcotics to clients with head injuries may mask signs of increased intracranial pressure, so the nurse questioning this medication would be appropriate. 2. An osmotic diuretic, mannitol (Osmitrol), is the treatment of choice to help decrease intracranial pressure that occurs with a head injury. 3. Research supports the fi nding that cli- ents with head injuries who are treated with anti- infl ammatory corticosteroids are 20% more likely to die within 2 weeks after the head injury than those who aren’t so treated. The nurse should question this medication. 4. Seizures are a common complication of head injuries; therefore, an order for an anticonvulsant medication would be appropriate. 5. There is no reason for the nurse to question an order for oxygen— which is considered a medication— for a client with a head injury. 9. 1. The client’s vital signs should be evaluated, but these readings are not the best indi- cators of the effectiveness of an osmotic diuretic. 2. Monitoring the client’s intake and output evaluates the client’s hydration status, but it does not determine the effectiveness of the medication. 3. Mannitol (Osmitrol), an osmotic diuretic, is administered to decrease intracranial pressure. Changes in intra- [Show More]

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