OCR Oxford and RSA Wednesday 15 June 2022 — Morning GCSE (9—1) Combined Science (Biology) A (Gateway Science) J250/02 Paper 2 (Foundation Tier) Time allowed: 1 hour 10 minutes

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INSTRUCTIONS • Use black ink. You can use an HB pencil, but only for graphs and diagrams. • Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If you need extra space use the lined page... s at the end of this booklet. The question numbers must be clearly shown. • Answer all the questions. • Where appropriate, your answer should be supported with working. Marks might be given for using a correct method, even if your answer is wrong. INFORMATION • The total mark for this paper is 60. • The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ]. • Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk (*). • This document has 20 pages. ADVICE • Read each question carefully before you start your answer. *8994136684* *J25002* You must have: • a ruler (cm/mm) You can use: • a scientific or graphical calculator • an HB pencil F Wednesday 15 June 2022 – Morning GCSE (9–1) Combined Science (Biology) A (Gateway Science) J250/02 Paper 2 (Foundation Tier) Time allowed: 1 hour 10 minutes 2 © OCR 2022 SECTION A Answer all the questions. You should spend a maximum of 20 minutes on this section. Write your answer to each question in the box provided. 1 What is the function of platelets in blood? A They destroy pathogens. B They help clot the blood. C They produce antibodies. D They transport oxygen around the body. Your answer [1] 2 Which abiotic factor affects the growth of plants? A Food B Nitrogen gas C Predators D Soil pH Your answer [1] 3 Plasmodium is a microbe that causes the disease malaria in humans. Humans act as a host for plasmodium. Which term describes the relationship between plasmodium and humans? A Consumer B Mutualism C Parasitism D Predation Your answer [1] 3 © OCR 2022 Turn over 4 The diagram shows how a condition caused by a recessive gene mutation is inherited. Which child, A, B, C or D, will inherit and develop the condition? Parents Children A B C D Mutation Your answer [1] 4 © OCR 2022 5 Which row shows the size of each group from smallest to largest? A class family order phylum B family order class phylum C order phylum family class D phylum class order family Your answer [1] 6 Which term is used to describe a pair of alleles that control a characteristic? A Gamete B Genome C Genotype D Phenotype Your answer [1] 7 The kangaroo diploid chromosome number is 16. Which row shows the number of chromosomes found in each type of cell? Kangaroo cells Skin Sperm Egg A 8 8 16 B 8 16 16 C 16 8 8 D 16 16 8 Your answer [1] 5 © OCR 2022 Turn over 8 The microorganism that causes Cowpea mosaic disease can pass through a filter that blocks anything larger than 100 nm. Which type of microorganism causes Cowpea mosaic disease? Microorganisms Smallest size of microorganism A bacteria 120 nm B fungi 2 μm C protist 8 μm D virus 15 nm Your answer [1] 9 The diagram shows a genetic cross for seed shape in peas. RR Rr R R Round seed Key Wrinkled seed r rr r Rr Which prediction about the offspring is most likely? A All the offspring will be heterozygous for seed shape. B All the offspring will be homozygous for seed shape. C The ratio of heterozygous to homozygous offspring will be 1 : 1. D The ratio of heterozygous to homozygous offspring will be 3 : 1. Your answer [1] 6 © OCR 2022 10 The diameter of a human ovum is 100 000 nm. The diameter of the HIV pathogen is 100 nm. How many orders of magnitude larger is the diameter of a human ovum compared to an HIV pathogen? A 3 B 10 C 99 D 1000 Your answer [1] 7 © OCR 2022 Turn over SECTION B Answer all the questions. 11 (a) The diagram shows some of the levels of organisation within the ecosystem. Complete the diagram using words in the list. biomass community population predator prey ecosystem ................................. ................................. individual organism [2] (b) Explain why the carbon cycle is important to plants. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................. [2] (c) Microorganisms have an important role in the carbon cycle. Complete these sentences about microorganisms. Microorganisms break down dead organisms releasing nutrients such as nitrogen. This process is called ........................................... . Microorganisms will also convert the carbon in their food to carbon dioxide in a process called ........................................... . The reaction to produce carbon dioxide releases energy. This makes it an ........................................... reaction. [3] 8 © OCR 2022 12 (a) HIV and TB (tuberculosis) are infectious diseases. HIV is spread between humans during sexual intercourse when body fluids come into contact. TB is a disease caused by bacteria. It affects the lungs. (i) Explain how TB is spread between humans. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (ii) The graph shows how the number of cases for HIV and TB have changed between 1980 and 2006 for one country. 0 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0 Year 100 200 300 400 500 TB cases (per 100 000) of population HIV cases Key TB cases HIV cases (% of population) 600 700 Describe how the graph shows a link between HIV and TB. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] (iii) Describe how the lungs defend the body against infection from TB bacteria. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... [2] 9 © OCR 2022 Turn over (b) The lungs can also be affected by cancer. Complete these sentences to describe what cancer is. Use the words in the list. differentiated meiosis mitosis multiple undifferentiated Cancer is the result of uncontrolled growth when cells divide by ........................................... . This may lead to millions of ........................................... cells that are unable to become specialised. [2] 10 © OCR 2022 13 (a) A student models the inheritance of sex using two coins. • The student puts a red sticker on both sides of one coin to represent a female. • They then put a red sticker on one side and a white sticker on the other side of a second coin to represent a male. Which of the two sex chromosomes is repr [Show More]

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