PSY 2513 Exam 1 Review.docx exam tested and readly passed questions with answers

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PSY 2513 Exam 1 Review.docx exam tested and readly passed questions with answers 1.     The prototype of a disorder reflects ________as described in DSM-5. a.     Its history and prognosis ... b.     Its biological underpinnings c.      The causes of pathology d.     The “typical” profile and diagnostic criteria 2.     The scientific study of psychological disorders is called a.     Psychopathology b.     Psychoanalysis c.      Pseudoscience d.     Parapsychology 3.     Statistical data are often relevant when discussing psychological disorders. For example, a researcher might want to know how many new cases of depression are diagnosed each year, a figure called the ____ of the disorder. a.     Prevalence b.     Incidence c.      Recurrence d.     Ratio 4.     Psychological disorders can be described as following a typical course or individual pattern. For example, schizophrenia follows a chronic course. On the other hand, mood disorders, including depression, follow a(n) _____ course. a.     Episodic b.     Acute c.      Cyclic d.     Insidious 5.     If a psychological disorder is said to have an acute onset, it means that the symptoms developed a.     Suddenly b.     Atypically c.      Gradually d.     Following a period of recovery 6.     When 20-year old Larry was first diagnosed with schizophrenia, his family wanted to know if and how the disorder would progress and how it would affect him in the future. In medical terms, the family wanted to know Larry’s a.     Diagnosis b.     Prognosis c.      Pathophysiology d.     Disease etiology 7.     At various times in history, in an attempt to explain problematic, irrational behavior, humans have focused on supernatural causes that include a.     Witchcraft b.     Demons and evil spirits c.      The moon and stars d.     All of the above 8.     Throughout history, all of these theoretical models have been used to primarily explain our behavior, thinking and emotions EXCEPT a.     Psychological b.     Biological c.      Supernatural d.     Physical 9.     The traditional tendency to stigmatize women as “hysterical” derived from Hippocrates’ concept of a.     The “wandering womb” b.     An “incompetent cervix” c.      “Penis envy” d.     “Pelvic dysfunction” 10. The first significant supporting evidence for a biological cause of a mental disorder was the 19th century discovery that psychotic disorder called general paresis was caused by the same bacterial microorganism that causes a.     Malaria b.     Alzheimer’s disease c.      Syphilis d.     The common cold 11. In the 19th century, john grey, a well-known American psychiatrist, believed that mental illness was due to’ a.     Psychological factors b.     Physical causes c.      Social/environmental influences d.     Unknown influences 12. In the 1950s, the first effective drugs for severe psychotic disorders were developed in a systematic way. Before that time, all of the following were used to treat psychosis EXCEPT a.     Opium b.     Neuroleptics c.      Herbal medicine d.     Moral therapy 13. After Philippe Pinel systematically introduced moral therapy as a treatment in mental hospitals in France, a similar type of treatment was first established in a U.S. hospital by a.     Benjamin rush b.     William Tuke c.      Joseph von Media d.     Manfred Sakel 14. After the mid 1800s, moral therapy declined as a treatment for the mentally ill in the United States because a.     The number of patients in mental institutions also declined b.     Immigrants caused an increase in the mental hospital population c.      The number of people available to staff mental hospitals increase d.     New biologically based treatments became available 15. You have been asked to give a report on the mental hygiene movement and its foremost crusader, Dorthea Dix, who campaigned for more humane treatment of the insane. After mentioning all of her accomplishments, you note the unforeseen consequence of her efforts, namely, a.     A decreases in the number of mental patients in institutions, forcing many to close b.     An increase in the number of mental patients, resulting in insufficient staff to care for them c.      A change from custodial care to moral therapy for institutionalized patients d.     More patients receiving psychotherapy and fewer receiving medications 16. Anton Mesmer, an early 18th century physician, purported to be affecting cures in patients by unblocking their flow of a bodily fluid he called “animal magnetism”. In fact, any effectiveness of his methods was actually due to a.     Undetectable magnetic fields b.     Chemically induced humoral balance c.      Mental telepathy d.     The power of suggestion 17. Which of the following accurately describes the patients of Freud and Breuer after they received hypnotherapy for their psychological disorders? a.     Feelings of relief and improvement b.     Decreased emotionality while in the hypnotic state c.      Accurate posthypnotic recall d.     The power of suggestion 18. Realizing that patients were often unaware of material previously recalled under hypnosis, Breuer and Freud hypothesized the existence of ________, a concept considered one of the most important developments in the history of psychopathology. a.     Neurosis b.     The unconscious mind c.      The Electra complex d.     Catharsis 19. In using hypnosis to treat patients with psychological disorders, Freud discovered a.     That it is therapeutic to recall and relive emotionally traumatic events b.     That patients are unable to process emotionally charged information c.      That hypnosis is less effective than mesmerism d.     The existence of conscious memories. 20. In the classic case of Anna O. I 1895, neurologist Josef Breuer treated her “hysterical” symptoms by using a.     Psychoanalysis b.     Hypnosis c.      Faith healing d.     The placebo effect 21à Which of the following is not included as part of Freud’s structure of the mind?            Answerà Psyche b 22à In Freudian Theory, “Libido” & “Thanatos” represent the two basic but opposing drives of?            Answer à Life & Death a 23à You have just read a newspaper article about a savage rape & murder. You wonder how someone could commit such a horrible crime. Then you recall from your study of Freudian theory that according to Freud, anyone could be a killer or rapist if _______ impulses are not well controlled?            Answerà ID c 24à Although Freud conceptualized the Libido as the Life energy within the Id, many people think of it as the?            Answerà A. Death Drive                        B. Sex Drive                        C. Conscience                        D. Oedipal Conflict 25à According to psychoanalytic theory, the ______ develops early in life to insure that we can adapt to demands of the real world while still finding ways to meet our basic needs?            Answerà A. Ego                        B. Superego                        C. Libido                        D. Ideal Self 26à According to psychoanalytic theory, the ID operates on the “Pleasure Principle,” Which means that it            Answerà C. Is Sexual, aggressive, selfish, & envious 27à When Johnny wanted a cookie before dinner, he thought about just going & taking one without permission. However, after thinking about it, he decided to get permission from his mom. Jonny was operating according to the _____ Principle?            Answerà Oedipal D 28à A classmate in your psychology course is worried about the selfish & sometimes dangerous drives of his id & wonder if it will make him commit crimes. You respond by saying that?            Answerà A. Each of us also develops an ego to help us behave more realistically                        B. ID fantasies actually reflect the opposite of what you really want to believe                        C. Scientists disproved Freud’s theories long ago                        D. Since ID impulses are usually part of the unconsciousness, they do not manifest in real behaviors 29à According to psychoanalytic theory, the role of the ego involves?            Answerà Mediating conflict between the ID & the Ego c 30à According to Psychoanalytic theory, the conflicts between the ID & the super ego often lead to feelings of?            Answerà A. Anxiety                        B. Desire                        C. Depression                        D. Anger 31à According to Freudian theory, anxiety is a signal for the ego to marshal its defense mechanisms, which function as a based actions?            Answerà A. Unconscious protective behavior                        B. Unconscious protective messages                        C. Conscious efforts to maintain control                        D. Primitive Emotional Response 32à All of the following are examples of the following defense mechanisms according to psychoanalytic theory EXCEPT?            Answer à Adaptation a 33à In which of the following examples of defense mechanisms does an individual unconsciously block wishes, thoughts or experiences from awareness?            Answerà c=? I don’t know 34. In which of the following defense mechanisms does an individual falsely attribute his or her own unacceptable feelings, impulses, or thoughts to another person? a. Denial b. Projection c. Displacement d. Sublimation 35. Mrs. B received a very poor rating by her supervisor, who had been constantly criticizing her for her coworkers….according to psychoanalytic theory, this is an example of the defense mechanism known as a. Displacement b. Projection c. Repression d. Rationalization   36. According to Sigmund Freud, the Electra complex, the psychosexual conflict that occurs at the phallic stage of development in girls, is characterized by a. castration anxiety b. Oedipal conflicts c. penis envy d. Latency lust 37. The concepts of “self-actualizing” and “the hierarchy of needs” are most closely associated with the theories of…. a. Abraham Maslow b. Carl Rogers c. Carl Jung d. Melanie Klein 38. Which of the following is NOT associated with the humanistic theories of Carl Rogers? a. Unconditional positive regard b. Hierarchy of needs c. Empathy d. Person-centered therapy 39. Humanistic therapists regard _____ as the single most positive influence in facilitating humal growth a. therapist interpretation of patient verbalizations b. relationships (including the therapeutic relationship) c. self-esteem d. Intellectual and moral development 40. The systematic development of a scientific approach to psychopathology is represented by a. humanistic psychology b. psychoanalysis c. Jungian psychology d. the behavioral model 41. Which Scientific felt that psychology should not use introspection or other unquantifiable methods and is considered the founder of behaviorism? a. Edward Titchener b. B.F. Skinner c.John Watson d.Ivan Pavlon 42. Someone you know has been having a lot of difficulty because irrational fears. Knowing that you are studying abnormal psychology, this person asks if you know an effective and well-established treatment. You advise her that _______, based on the mid-20th century work of Joseph Wolpe, is a successful anxiety reduction procedure. a. systematic desensitization b. person centered therapy c. exorcism d. aversive conditioning 43. Which well-known behavioral scientist was the author of The Behavior of Organisms (1938) and Walden Two (1948)? a. John Watson b .Ivan Pavlov c. B.F. Skinner d. Edward L. Thorndike 44. Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, based these theories of conditioning on the results of experiments he conducted on a.Dogs b.Humans c.Cats d. Rats 45. Mufasa was bitten by a dog when he was five years old. Now he is afraid of any dog he sees. His fear of dog is a… a. Unconditional stimulus b. Unconditional response c. Conditioned stimulus d. Conditioned response 46. The systematic evaluation and measurement of psychological, biological, and social factors in a person with a possible mental disorder is known as clinical…. a. Assessment b. Interpretation c. Validation d. Standardization 47. The process of determining whether an individual’s symptoms meet the criteria for a specific psychological disorder is called… a. prognosis b. diagnosis c. classification d. standardization 48. The process of clinical assessment is psychopathology has been equated to using a ____________ to determine the source of the problem. a.     funnel b.     hose c.      bucket d.     plow 49. In order to be useful, assessment techniques should be based on ______________ a.     Beliefs b.     Attitudes c.      Evidence d.     Assumptions 50. In the first interview with Frank, a patient described in the textbook, he stated that he has been having intrusive thoughts that be tried to prevent by performing certain movements. Based on this information, you might predict that Frank would be diagnosed with___________________ a.     Major depressive disorder b.     Obsessive-compulsive disorder c.      a personality disorder d.     Schizophrenia   [Show More]

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