NUTR 641 Colin Andres-Paguirigan's Quiz History: Quiz: Basic Concepts of Genetic Expression Score for this attempt: 76 out of 80 Fall 2025.

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Colin Andres-Paguirigan's Quiz History: Quiz: Basic Concepts of Genetic Expression Score for this attempt: 76 out of 80 Question 1 0 / 2 pts stop CpG island exonuclease binding pause disconne... ct  Q uestion 2 2 / 2 pts circular DNA is Z-form viral and bacterial DNA is always single stranded supercoiling hybridization none of the above  Q uestion 3 2 / 2 pts an antibiotic resistance gene a deletion an origin of replication a nuclease gene a restriction site  Q uestion 4 2 / 2 pts negatively supercoiled, making the helix tighter positively supercoiled, making the helix looser positively supercoiled, making the helix tighter negatively supercoiled without changing the nature of the helix negatively supercoiled, making the helix looser E  ukaryotic transcription termination generally occurs at ________ sites in the DNA sequence. Which of the following explains why circular DNA, such as the chromosomes of some viruses and bacteria, appears to be twisted? In molecular cloning, transformed organisms must be identified. One common method for accomplishing this involves the inclusion of ________ in the plasmid. Which of the following explains supercoiling in naturally occurring DNA? Question 5 0 / 2 pts RNA polymerase I: rRNA RNA polymerase II: mRNA from protein-coding genes RNA polymerase III: small RNAs such as miRNA and snRNA RNA polymerase III: tRNA all of the above Q uestion 6 2 / 2 pts mismatch repair DNA photolyase nucleotide excision repair base excision repair none of the above  Q uestion 7 2 / 2 pts primer extension; bacteriophage λ primer extension; E. coli strand separation; E. coli strand separation; Thermus aquaticus primer annealing; Thermus aquaticus  Q uestion 8 2 / 2 pts coactivation apoptosis chromatin-remodeling gene silencing histone methylation  Q uestion 9 2 / 2 pts TFIID TFIIH TFIIF TFIIE Which of the following eukaryotic RNA polymerase is correctly paired with the type of RNA that it produces? Which type of DNA repair is used to remove and replace a single modified base that cannot be converted back to the normal base by a direct repair process? Because of the high temperature ________ step during a PCR reaction, the DNA polymerase from ________ is used. RNA interference is a mechanism of post-transcriptional RNA-dependent ________. Which of the eukaryotic transcription factors is responsible for binding the TATA box? TFIIB  Q uestion 10 2 / 2 pts snRNAs; miRNAs introns; exons exons; introns miRNAs; snRNAs none of the above Q uestion 11 2 / 2 pts mediator complex TFIIS all transcription factors TFIIF and TFIIH none of the above  Q uestion 12 2 / 2 pts amine; 3 amine; 2 alcohol; 3 alcohol; 2 none of the above  Q uestion 13 2 / 2 pts aid DNA polymerase with DNA binding protect single stand DNA from nucleases aid in the formation of hairpin structures prevent supercoiling all of the above  Q uestion 14 2 / 2 pts 50% 10% During mRNA synthesis, ________ are removed and the ________ are spliced together to create the mature mRNA Phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of eukaryotic RNA polymerase inhibits interaction with what protein, thus allowing the polymerase to leave the promoter? In DNA, the ribose derivative lacks an ________ on C-________. Besides the obvious role of keeping DNA in a single strand state, what do single-strand binding proteins do? In a typical gene, what percentage of the bases represents introns? 90% 5% 25%  Q uestion 15 2 / 2 pts negative supercoiling and positive supercoiling twist and writhe writhe and relaxation single stranded and double stranded twist and anti-twist Q uestion 16 2 / 2 pts camptothecin; type II topoisomerase doxorubicin; type IA topoisomerase novobiocin; ATPase ciprofloxacin; DNA gyrase none of the above  Q uestion 17 2 / 2 pts lactose sucrose maltose mannose galactose  Q uestion 18 2 / 2 pts nonhomologous end-joining telomerase-assisted ligation non-mutagenic strand coupling homologous end-joining recombination  Q uestion 19 2 / 2 pts telomerase; reverse transcriptase What are the two components of supercoiling? An antibiotic that interferes with bacterial topoisomerase activity is ________, which specifically inhibits ________. What sugar is metabolized by the enzymes under the control of the lac operon? What is the process used for genes shuffling in meiosis that is also used to repair double-strand breaks? Synthesis of telomeres requires the enzyme ________, which is a type of ________. ribonuclease; RNA-specific nuclease telomerase; helicase ribotelomerase; ligase none of the above  Q uestion 20 2 / 2 pts β-sheet; minor β-turn; major α-helix; minor α-helix; major β-sheet; major Q uestion 21 2 / 2 pts polyarginine; 30-nm fibers polyribose; euchromatin histones; nucleosomes ribosomes; heterochromatin none of the above  Q uestion 22 2 / 2 pts tRNA rRNA protein mRNA DNA  Q uestion 23 2 / 2 pts 6 base pairs 3 base pairs 9 base pairs 15 base pairs 12 base pairs  Q uestion 24 2 / 2 pts The most prevalent mode of DNA-protein interaction is achieved with a(n) ________ that binds to the ________ groove of DNA. In the nucleus, DNA is wrapped around ________ to form ________. Mutations leading to changes that can be inherited by the next generation have to be introduced at the ________ level. What is the approximate size of the DNA-RNA hybrid present inside the RNA polymerase? What is the region immediately adjacent to the starting site for RNA polymerization called? enhancer initiator TF binding site consensus sequence promoter  Q uestion 25 2 / 2 pts tRNA bacteriophage splice clone plasmid Q uestion 26 2 / 2 pts removal of mistranscribed mRNA removal of excessive mRNA antibiotic for RNA based bacteria antiviral defense none of the above  Q uestion 27 2 / 2 pts a gene present on a YAC a gene that has been inactivated or removed from an organism a dominant gene that knocks out expression of other genes a gene inserted in place of another gene none of the above  Q uestion 28 2 / 2 pts methyl; silent; phosphate; active acetyl; silent; methyl; active methyl; highly active; acetyl; active phosphate; silent; methyl; silent methyl; silent; acetyl; active  What term describes a small, circular molecule of DNA that can be used to transfer genetic material from one organism to another? Which of the following is thought to be the origin of RNA interference? A gene knockout is ________. Addition of a(n) ________ group to certain lysine residues of a histone protein makes the region of chromatin transcriptionally ________; addition of a(n) ________ group to certain lysine residues makes the region of chromatin transcriptionally ________. Question 29 2 / 2 pts RNase H: removal of RNA primer helicase: creates single strand DNA primase: production of an RNA primer for DNA polymerase DNA ligase: joins the discontinuous segments on the lagging strand all of the above Q uestion 30 2 / 2 pts in the presence of allolactose, the protein binds the operator inhibiting transcription in the absence of allolactose, the protein binds the operator inhibiting transcription in the absence of allolactose, the protein binds the operator enhancing transcription in the presence of allolactose, the protein binds the operator enhancing transcription none of the above  Q uestion 31 2 / 2 pts ribonucleic acid enzymes deoxyribonucleic acid deoxynucleotides proteins  Q uestion 32 2 / 2 pts rRNA siRNA tRNA snRNA miRNA  Q uestion 33 2 / 2 pts bidirectional; lagging strand bidirectional; replication origin bidirectional; theta site unidirectional; chromosome ends none of the above Which of the following is correctly paired with its function? Which of the following best describes the functioning of the lac repressor protein? In living organisms, genetic information is most often stored in the form of ________. Which of the following is responsible for RNA splicing? In most organisms, replication proceeds in a ________ manner from the ________.  Q uestion 34 2 / 2 pts use of RNA interference action of the decapping enzyme alternative splicing exon suppression frame shift mutations Q uestion 35 2 / 2 pts BRCA1 retinoblastoma BRCA2 p53 none of the above  Q uestion 36 2 / 2 pts H1 H2A H2B H3 H4  Q uestion 37 2 / 2 pts gyrase helicase single-strand binding protein ligase endonuclease  Q uestion 38 2 / 2 pts lac repressor promoter lac operon Which of the following allows a gene to give more than one viable protein product? Which tumor suppressor gene is found to be mutated in at least half of all human tumors? Which of the nucleosome proteins is found in the linker DNA between nucleosomes and not actually part of the nucleosome core? TFIIH is a transcription factor that is responsible for forming the transcription bubble. For this reason, TFIIH is best described as a ________. What does allolactose bind? operator all of the above  Q uestion 39 2 / 2 pts DNA fragment, primers flanking the region of interest, dNTPs, ddNTPs, DNA polymerase DNA fragment, primers flanking the region of interest, dNTPs, DNA endonuclease DNA fragment, one primer, dNTPs, DNA polymerase, DNA endonuclease DNA fragment, one primer, dNTPs, DNA polymerase, DNA ligase DNA fragment, primers flanking the region of interest, dNTPs, DNA polymerase Q uestion 40 2 / 2 pts ligase endonuclease DNA polymerase exonuclease clonase Quiz Score: 76 out of 80 What reagents are required to perform PCR? What enzyme is required to form a new phosphodiester bond when inserting DNA into a plasmid? 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