Liberty University BUS 240 Chapter 2 Comprehensive questions and Answers

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The bundle of characteristics that makes us similar to or different from other people is our . Personality Personality Blank 1 of 1 are broad concepts that help people label and understand indi... vidual differences. Blank 1: traits or trait refers to our genetic or hereditary origins, whereas is the result of our life experiences and interaction with our environment. Nature; nurture The model that suggests that personality can be categorized across five abstract dimensions is known as . the five-factor model (FFM) Tyler works in a call center for a large credit card company, and his job involves constant interaction with cardholders who have problems with their accounts. Which of the following personality characteristics would be best suited for such a role? Agreeableness is the relatively stable pattern of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that characterize an individual. Personality Which five-factor model (FFM) personality dimension would be associated with feelings of anxiety, anger, or depression? Neuroticism Which of the following describe personality traits? Brandon is very talkative. Julie is a risk taker. Which of the following would be classified as "nurture" determinants of our personality? A religious upbringing An influential high school teacher The "Big Five" dimensions are: conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness to experience, extraversion, and Blank 1 of 1. Blank 1: agreeableness or agreeableness Which personality dimension identified by the five-factor model (FFM) would describe a person who is sociable, talkative, lively, and active? Extraversion Which of the following personality types would be suited for a job as a medical researcher in a busy, highly demanding laboratory? Conscientiousness Tasha loves to travel, especially internationally. She loves to try new cuisine, see new things, and meet new people from different cultures. Which personality dimension of the five-factor model (FFM) does this BEST describe? Openness to experience include cooperative and helpful acts toward others that support the organization's social and psychological context. Organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) True or false: A person who scores the highest on all of the Big Five personality factors should be considered the best employee. False The personality trait that is positively associated with performance in sales and management jobs is . Extraversion Although research shows that an individual's personality stabilizes around the age of 30, personality is not Blank 1 of 1. Blank 1: static or unchanging Jana offered to work through her lunch period in order to help a colleague finish up a presentation for an important meeting that afternoon. This is an example of which of the following? Organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) Which of the following make up the dark triad of socially undesirable personality traits? Psychopathy Narcissism Machiavellianism Studies of the Five-Factor Model have shown that the relationship between personality and performance is often . Nonlinear Which of the following would be classified as "nature" influences on our personality? Characteristics that you have inherited from your parents Which personality trait can be described as someone who takes pleasure in misleading, outwitting, and otherwise controlling others? Machiavellianism Which of the following often contribute to changes in personality factors? Increased age Environmental changes The five-factor model (FFM) personality dimension that is characterized by a person's attention to detail, thoroughness, organization, and self-discipline is known as . conscientiousness What is the term for the cluster of three socially undesirable personality traits (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy)? Dark Triad People who have an obsessive belief in their superiority and entitlement are considered . narcissists Which of the following traits are common among people with high Machiavellianism? They demonstrate a strong motivation to get what they want at the expense of others. They believe that deceit is a natural and acceptable way to achieve their goals. They have a cynical disregard for moral principles. People in the office can always count on Ralph to get the job done. He is methodical and detail-oriented, and his work is always completed on time. Which of the "Big Five" factors would this illustrate? Conscientiousness Which of the following traits are common among narcissists? Grandiose, inflated self-view Excessive need for attention Intensely envious of others Which of the following traits are common among psychopaths? They dominate and manipulate others, without any feelings of remorse or anxiety. They use superficial charm while engaging in antisocial and impulsive behavior. They callously do as they please and take what they want. Alonzo often takes home office supplies such as ink cartridges, paper, and pens so that he doesn't have to purchase school supplies for his children. This is an example of: counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs). The dimensions of personality identified in Jungian personality theory are measured through . the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) Which personality trait is often considered the most sinister of the dark triad? Psychopathy Despite its many benefits, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is not a good predictor of . job performance Voluntary employee behaviors that can hinder organizational goal accomplishment are known as: counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs) According to Carl Jung, making decisions consists of what two competing processes? Thinking and feeling People believe some values are more important than others and thus have a hierarchy of preferences, known as . a value system The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator has proven to be a popular, effective personality assessment for which of the following? Career counseling Management research Values that are shared across a society are known as values. cultural tell us what we ought to do, whereas describe what we tend to do. Values; personality traits Perceptions about what is good or bad and right or wrong are referred to as our . Values Without exception, employees at Qantic Services are committed to the concept of providing superior customer satisfaction. This would be an example of a(n) value. Organizational Alyssa believes that decisions should be made based on facts and logic, not on emotions or subjective factors. According to the MBTI, Alyssa has a(n) orientation. Thinking Which of the following statements about values is true? People can possess conflicting values. Which of the following is a quadrant in Schwartz's values circumplex? Conservation True or false: People who have stimulation at the top of their values hierarchy should seek a job that is predictable and stable. False People are indirectly motivated to align their personal values with which of the following? Self-concept Self-presentation Values that exist only within individuals are known as values. Personal The four quadrants of Schwartz's values circumplex are openness to change, self-transcendence, conservation, and . self-enhancement Students at a university are required to affix the following statement to each assignment they submit for grading: "I pledge on my honor that I have not given, received, or witnessed any unauthorized aid to this or any other paper." This statement is intended to the connection between personal values and behavior. reinforce Tawanda values team harmony and high levels of collaboration. She does not care for hierarchical organizational structures and instead believes employees should be treated as equals. Her employer does not have managers or middle managers and instead has teams. Tawanda's team members hold equal power, and each member believes in the team's goals. Considering values congruence, which of the following statements about Tawanda and her job are true? Tawanda is likely to feel loyal toward her team members. Tawanda is likely to have high job satisfaction. Personal values indirectly motivate decisions and behavior by framing our perceptions of Blank 1 of 1. Blank 1: reality Blank 1 of 1 is the study of moral principles or values that determine whether actions are right or wrong and outcomes are good or bad. Blank 1: Ethics The model that attempts to organize values into clusters in a circular model is referred to as the . Values Circumplex Four types of ethical principles commonly identified are individual rights, distributive justice, ethic of care, and . utilitarianism How similar a person's values hierarchy is to the values hierarchy of the organization, a coworker, or another source of comparison is known as values . congruence What is the attribute common among effective leaders that refers to a person's ethical standards? Integrity The quadrant of Schwartz's values circumplex that represents a person's motivation to maintain the status quo and the degree to which he or she values stability and security is known as . Conservation To better understand business ethics, it is important to consider four distinct types of ethical principles: utilitarianism, individual rights, ethic of care, and justice. Distributive Executives of a company believe that laying off 15% of its workforce will help it stay in business long term and protect the remaining jobs in the company. Such an action is most consistent with which ethical principle? Utilitarianism What is the term for the ethical principle that suggests the same set of natural rights, such as freedom of speech, is conferred on all people? Individual rights Employees generally accept differences in pay as long as they perceive differences in responsibility. This reflects which concept? Distributive justice Which ethical principle states that everyone has a moral obligation to help others within their relational sphere to grow and self-actualize? Ethic of care "The greatest good for the greatest number" illustrates which ethical principle? Utilitarianism Which of the following describes a problem with the individual rights principle? Certain individual rights may conflict with others. Executives at Cyber-Form are faced with cutting jobs and reducing employee benefits in order for the company to survive the current recession. These decisions have which of the following? A high degree of moral intensity The Equal Pay Act requires that employers pay men and women the same wages for the same work. This is most closely associated with which ethical principle? Distributive justice Which of the following statements correctly describe the principle of ethic of care? It involves giving care to others through one’s skills and abilities. It involves taking care of others through responsibility. It involves caring about others by being attentive to their needs. People who have high moral sensitivity . tend to have a higher level of empathy The degree to which an issue demands the application of ethical principles is referred to as . moral intensity What mental state is achieved when you focus on your awareness of the present situation and your thoughts and emotions in that moment? Mindfulness Which of the following would be considered situational factors that constrain or facilitate employee behavior and performance? Lack of physical work facility Insufficient time Budgetary limits are intended to motivate and guide employee behavior and signal the importance of ethical conduct. Ethics codes Which of the following is true about highly collectivist people? They emphasize making decisions based on what is best for the group. refers to the degree that people are willing to accept an unequal distribution of power within a society or organization. Power distance The ability to recognize a moral dilemma and estimate its relative importance is referred to as . moral sensitivity An employee who is most comfortable if there are rules, policies, and procedures in place that dictate how jobs are supposed to be done would likely have a high . uncertainty avoidance Conditions beyond the employee's immediate control that constrain or facilitate behavior and performance are known as factors. situational Which of the following can support ethical behavior within an organization? Employing an ethics ombudsperson to receive ethics complaints anonymously Establishing a written code of ethics for the organization Maintaining an anonymous hotline for employees to report wrongdoings People who value personal freedom, self-sufficiency, and control over their own lives have high . individualism A society that values quality of life, service to others, and support for the needy would have which of the following? A nurturing orientation Which of the following describes an employee from a culture with a high power distance? He expects superiors to make decisions with little input from employees. The extent to which people tolerate or feel threatened by ambiguity is referred to as . uncertainty avoidance True or false: A limitation of cross-cultural research is that several studies incorrectly assumed that people in a specific country or geographic region share similar values. True A society that values professions such as teaching, social work, and nursing would likely be considered to have an achievement - orientation. Nurturing True or false: Typical personality profiles vary across regions of the United States. True Concerns with cross-cultural research include which of the following? Some studies have erroneously assumed that only one culture exists within a country or geographic region. Several studies have drawn conclusions based upon relatively small population samples. The findings of some studies have become outdated as a result of cultural shifts. Which of the following is one form of deep-level diversity in the United States? Cultural values across ethnic groups [Show More]

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