GIZMO LEARNING: Solubility and Temperature Vocabulary: concentration, dissolve, homogeneous mixture, solubility, solubility curve, solute, solution, solvent Prior Knowledge Questions (Do th ese BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1
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GIZMO LEARNING: Solubility and Temperature Vocabulary: concentration, dissolve, homogeneous mixture, solubility, solubility curve, solute, solution, solvent Prior Knowledge Questions (Do th ese BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. What happens when you stir a spoonful of sugar into hot water? 2. When sugar or another substance is dissolved in water, it disappears from view and forms a homogeneous mixture with the water, also called a solution. If you can’t see the sugar, how can you tell that it is there? 3. Does sugar dissolve more easily in hot water or cold water? Gizmo Warm-up A solution generally consists of two parts, a solute that is dissolved and a solvent that the solute is dissolved into. For example, sugar is a solute that is dissolved into the solvent water. In the Solubility and Temperature Gizmo™, you will study how temperature affects how much solute will dissolve in a solution. To begin, check that Potassium nitrate is selected and the Temp. of the water is 20 °C. Click OK. 1. In this solution, what is the solute? What is the solvent? 2. Click Add 10 g to mix 10 g of potassium nitrate into the water. A. Did all of the potassium nitrate dissolve? B. How can you tell? Activity A: Solubility Get the Gizmo ready: • Click Reset. • Check that the Temp. is 20 °C and that Potassium nitrate is selected. Question: How do we find how much solute can be dissolved in a solvent? 1. Observe: Click OK. Click Add 20 g, and observe the potassium nitrate being mixed into the solution. On the right, select the BAR CHART tab and turn on Show numerical value. The bars show how much solute has been added and how much has piled up on the bottom. Did all of the solute dissolve? 2. Calculate: The concentration of a solution is equal to the mass of solute divided by the volume of solvent. Units of concentration are grams per 100 milliliters (g/100 mL, or g/dL). What is the concentration of this solution? 3. Experiment: Click Add 20 g again. A. Did all of the solute dissolve? Explain how you can tell. B. Based on the amount of solute added and the amount piled up on the bottom, how many grams of solute dissolved in the water?. C. The solubility of the solution is equal to the maximum concentration of the solute. What is the solubility of potassium nitrate in 20 °C water? 4.
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