The Structure of Atoms Test Bank Download to Score A+

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1. Which of the following has no charge? a. nucleus b. neutron c. proton d. electron e. alpha particle ANS: B OBJ: Know the names and charges of the particles that make-up an atom. TOP: Fundam... ental Particles 2. Which statement about the three fundamental particles is false? a. The charge of a proton is equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the charge of an electron. b. The mass of an electron or a neutron is very small compared to the mass of a proton. c. Knowledge of the function of these fundamental particles is essential to understanding chemical reactions. d. Atoms consist primarily of protons, neutrons and electrons. e. The fundamental particles are the basic building blocks of atoms. ANS: B OBJ: Know the names, charges, and relative masses of the particles that make-up an atom. TOP: Fundamental Particles 3. The most convincing evidence for the existence of electrons came from ____. a. cathode ray tubes. b. bombarding beryllium with high-energy -particles. c. canal rays. d. the gold foil experiment. e. the Thomson model of the atom. ANS: A OBJ: Understand the importance of the cathode ray tube. TOP: The Discovery of Electrons 4. In interpreting the results of his "oil drop" experiment in 1909, Robert Millikan was able to determine ____. a. the charge on a proton b. that electrically neutral particles (neutrons) are present in the nuclei of atoms c. that the masses of protons and neutrons are nearly identical d. the charge on an electron e. the extremely dense nature of the nuclei of atoms ANS: D OBJ: Understand the purpose of the Millikan's oil drop experiment. TOP: The Discovery of Electrons 5. A graduate student wished to recreate Millikan's "oil drop" experiment. In order to perfect his technique and test his apparatus, he practices performing the experiments many times. If one of his early attempts yielded the following data for the charges on four equal-sized oil drops, what charge per electron would he have calculated and how many electrons were on the drop with the largest number of electrons? 6.60  1019 C 3.30  1019 C 9.90  1019 C 8.25  1019 C Whitten 10e Test Bank a. 3.30  1019 C; 3e b. 3.30  1019 C; 1e c. 1.10  1019 C; 9e d. 1.65  1019 C; 6e e. 1.98  1019 C; 5e ANS: D OBJ: Calculate the charge of an electron from a Millikan oil drop experiment. TOP: The Discovery of Electrons 6. All of the following statements are about canal rays. Which one is false? a. Canal rays travel toward the cathode. b. Canal rays are created in this reaction: Atom  cation + e c. Canal rays consist of positive ions. d. Canal rays led to the discovery of the proton. e. Canal ray particles have e/m ratios many times greater than those of electrons. ANS: E OBJ: Understand the origin and nature of a canal ray. TOP: Canal Rays and Protons 7. Which statement regarding the "gold foil" experiment is false? a. It was performed by Rutherford and his research group early in the 20th century. b. Most of the alpha particles passed through the foil undeflected. c. The alpha particles were repelled by electrons. d. It suggested the nuclear model of the atom. e. It suggested that atoms are mostly empty space. ANS: C OBJ: Know the details and implications of Rutherford's gold foil experiment. TOP: Rutherford and the Nuclear Atom 8. In the Rutherford gold foil experiment, the fact that most of the alpha particles were not deflected as they passed through the gold foil indicates that a. the nucleus is positively charged. b. the atom is mostly empty space. c. atoms are solid spheres touching each other in the solid state. d. gold is very dense. e. none of these is correct. ANS: B OBJ: Know the details and implications of Rutherford's gold foil experiment. TOP: Rutherford and the Nuclear Atom Whitten 10e Test Bank 9. Ernest Rutherford's model of the atom did not specifically include the ____. a. neutron b. nucleus c. proton d. electron e. electron or the proton ANS: A OBJ: Know the details and implications of Rutherford's gold foil experiment. TOP: Rutherford and the Nuclear Atom 10. The Rutherford "gold foil experiment" suggested ____. a. that electrons have negative charges b. that protons have charges equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to those of electrons c. that atoms have a tiny, positively charged, massive center d. the ratio of the mass of an electron to the charge of the electron e. the existence of canal rays ANS: C OBJ: Know the details and implications of Rutherford's gold foil experiment. TOP: Rutherford and the Nuclear Atom 11. Which of the following statements is false? a. Millikan found the charge of an oil drop always to be in some ratio of 1.6  1019 C. b. Rutherford found that alpha particles were repelled by negatively charged electrons. c. Elements are held together by electrical forces. d. Electrons are attracted to the positive side of an electric field. e. Cathode rays have mass. ANS: B OBJ: Understand nature of a canal ray. | Understand the effect of an electric field on an charged particles. | Know the charge of an alpha particle. | Know the result of Millikan's oil drop experiment. TOP: Rutherford and the Nuclear Atom 12. Which of the following particles has the smallest mass? a. an electron b. a proton c. a neutron d. a hydrogen atom e. an alpha particle ANS: A OBJ: Know the names, charges, and relative masses of the particles that make-up an atom. | Know the charge and composition of an alpha particle. | Know the particles that constitute a hydrogen atom. TOP: Atomic Number 13. Which two subatomic particles have approximately the same mass? a. protons and neutrons b. protons and electrons c. electrons and nuclei d. neutrons and electrons e. protons and alpha particles [Show More]

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