Retake 2 ATI RN Medical Surgical Focus Review (A GUARANTEED)

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Retake 2 ATI RN Medical Surgical Focus Review (A GUARANTEED) GI Diagnostics Procedure: Plan of Care for a Client Who Has Gastroenteritis (Ch.46) • A positive finding for clostridium difficile is i... ndicative of this opportunistic infection, which usually becomes established secondary to use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. • Medications: Some medications ( NSAIDs, warfarin, aspirin) place the client at risk for complications. Notify the provider if medication restrictions were not followed. • Blood Test: Interpretations of Findings o Aspartate aminotransferase/ Alanine Aminotransferase: Elevation occurs with hepatitis or cirrhosis. o Alkaline Phosphatase- Elevation indicates liver damage o Amylase/ Lipase- Elevation occurs with pancreatitis o Total Bilirubin- Elevation indicate altered liver function, bile duct obstruction, or other hepatobiliary disorder. o Albumin- Decrease can indicate hepatic disease. o Alpha-fetoprotein- Elevated in liver cancer, cirrhosis and hepatitis. o Ammonia- Elevated in liver disease. Tuberculosis: Appropriate Interventions for a Client Who Has Tuberculosis(Ch.23) • TB diagnosis should be considered for any client who has a persistent cough, chest pain, weakness, weight loss, anorexia, hemoptysis, dyspnea, fever, night sweats, or chills. • Mantoux Test o An intradermal injection of an extract of the tubercle bacillus is made. o A positive Mantoux test indicates that the client has developed an immune response to TB. o Individuals who have latent TB can retain positive MT test and can receive treatment. • Educate the client and family to continue medication therapy for its full duration of 6 to 12 months, even up to 2 years for multi-drug resistant TB. • Airborne precautions are NOT needed in the home setting because family members have already been exposed. Medical and Surgical Asepsis: Maintaining a Sterile Field ( Ch. 10) • The outer wrapping and 1-inch edge of packaging that contains sterile items are not sterile. • The inner surface of the sterile drape or kit, except for that 1-inch border around the edge the sterile field to which other sterile items may be added. • Consider any object held below the waist or above the chest contaminated. • Grasp the tip of the top flap of the package, and with arm positioned away from the sterile field, unfold the top flap away from the body. o Next, open the side flaps, using the right hand for the right flap and the left hand for the left flap. o Grasp the last flap and turn it down toward the body. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures for Female Reproductive Disorders: Client Teaching about Genital Herpes ( Ch. 62) • Diagnosis of genital herpes can be based on the client history and physical. • Laboratory test o Herpes viral culture: fluid from a lesion is obtained using a swab and placed in a cup for culture. o Polymerase chain reaction: identifies genetic material of the virus. Cells from a lesion, blood, or other body fluids can be tested. o Antibody test: blood is tested for antibodies to the virus. ▪ HerpeSelect Immunoblot, HerpeSelect ELISA, Western Blot Postoperative Nursing Care : Preventing Complications (Ch.96) • Report a blood pressure difference of 25% from baseline, a drop to 15 to 20 mmH in diastolic or systolic pressures, or a trending decrease in diastolic or systolic pressures by 5 mmHg at each 15 minute sign assessment. • Extubating of endotracheal tube is based on client’s response to commands, ability to elevate head and use of thoracic breathing. • If the client responds to verbal stimuli, gradually elevate the head of the bed to semi-fowlers position, if not contraindicated, to facilitate chest expansion. [Show More]

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