BIOL 235 Chapter 1 Complete Study Guide For Exam Preparation1. Define the terms anatomy, physiology & dissection.
Anatomy- The science of body structures and the relationships among them.
Physiology- The science of bo
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BIOL 235 Chapter 1 Complete Study Guide For Exam Preparation1. Define the terms anatomy, physiology & dissection.
Anatomy- The science of body structures and the relationships among them.
Physiology- The science of body functions- how the body parts work.
Dissection- The careful cutting apart of body structures to study their relationships.
2. Define the following levels of structural organization: chemical, cellular, tissue,
organ, system and organism.
Chemical Level- The very basic level, includes atoms, the smallest units of matter that
participate in chemical reactions, and molecules. Atoms such as Carbon (C), Hydrogen
(H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Calcium (Ca), and Sulfur (S) are
essential for maintaining life. Main molecules, two or more atoms joined together
include DNA and glucose (blood sugar).
Cellular Level-Molecules combine to form cells (collection of molecules that join
together to form a cell.), the basic structural and functional units of an organism that
are composed of chemicals. Muscle cells, nerve cells and epithelial cells are examples
of cells in the body. Cells are the smallest living units in the body.
Tissue Level- Are groups of cells and the materials surrounding them that work
together to perform a particular function. The four basic types of tissues are:
Epithelial tissue-Covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs and cavities, and
forms glands.
Connective tissue- Connects, supports, and protects body organs while
distributing blood vessels to other tissues.
Muscular tissue- Contracts to make body parts move and generates heat.
Nervous tissue- Caries information from one part of the body to another through
nerve impulses
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