NR 511 Midterm week 7 sample 7 Questions/ Answers (Completed )

NR 511 Midterm week 7 sample 7 Question 2 Question : How often should the clinician examine the feet of a person with diabetes? Student Answer: Once a year Every 6 months Every 3 months x ...

NR 511 Midterm week 7 sample 7 Question 2 Question : How often should the clinician examine the feet of a person with diabetes? Student Answer: Once a year Every 6 months Every 3 months x Every visit Question 3 . Question : Which drug for Alzheimer's disease should be administered beginning at the time of diagnosis? X Student Answer: Cholinesterase inhibitors Anxiolytics Antidepressants Atypical antipsychotics Question 5. Question : Most adult poisonings are: x Student Answer: intentional and self-inflicted. caused by someone wishing to do harm to the person. not attributed to any reason. Accidentiial- child Question 6. Question : A 58-year-old woman presents with a breast mass. Which of the following responses by the clinician would be most appropriate? Student Answer: "It is probably just a cyst, because that is the most common breast mass." x "We will order a mammogram and ultrasound to help establish a diagnosis." "We will go ahead and schedule you for a biopsy because that is the only way to know for sure." "Because your lump is painful, it is most likely not cancer." Question 7. Question : Which of the following is a specific test for multiple sclerosis (MS)? x Student Answer: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Computed tomography (CT) scan A lumbar puncture There is no specific test. Question 8. Question : After removing a tack from a type 2 diabetic's heel and evaluating the site for infection, what is the best plan for this patient? Student Answer: Suggest she use a heating pad to improve circulation x Refer to a podiatrist for a foot care treatment plan Send her for acupuncture treatments All of the above Question 9. Question : Which characteristic of delirium helps to distinguish delirium from dementia? x Student Answer: Abrupt onset Impaired attention Affective changes Delusions Question 10. Question : Which clinical feature is the first to be affected in increased intracranial pressure (ICP)? x Student Answer: Decrease in level of consciousness (LOC) Headache Nausea Widening pulse pressure Question 11. Question : Jennifer is an 18-year-old girl who comes to the emergency room after a fall during a soccer game. Jennifer explains that she fell on her left side and kept her arm out straight to break her fall. She has been experiencing severe pain and limited range of motion in her left shoulder. The clinician has diagnosed Jennifer with a dislocated shoulder. Which of the following statements are true concerning shoulder dislocation? Student Answer: Posterior dislocations are more common than anterior dislocations. x There is a risk of neurovascular and neurosensory trauma, so the clinician should check for distal pulses. Recurrent dislocations are uncommon and would require a greater force to result in injury. Surgery is most commonly the treatment of choice. Question 13. Question : Which of the following signs or symptoms indicate an inflammatory etiology to musculoskeletal pain? Student Answer: Decreased C-reactive protein Hyperalbuminemia x Morning stiffness Weight gain Question 14. Question : Which of the following statements is true concerning the musculoskeletal exam? X Student Answer: The uninvolved side should be examined initially and compared to the involved side. The part of the body that is causing the patient pain should be examined first. The patient should not be asked to perform active range-of-motion (ROM) exercises whenever possible to avoid causing pain. Radiographs should always be obtained prior to examination so as not to cause further injury to the patient. Question 15. Question : The clinician sees a patient who is 5 feet tall and weighs 150 pounds. How would the clinician classify this patient? X Student Answer: Overweight Mild obesity Moderate obesity Morbid obesity Question 18. Question : The vegetarian patient with gout asks the clinician about food that he should avoid. The clinician should advise the patient to avoid which of the following foods? Student Answer: Rice Carrots x Spinach Potatoes Question 19. Question : A 23-year-old sexually active woman presents for her first Pap smear. Her history includes nulligravida, age at first intercourse 14, and more than 10 sexual partners. Which of the following conditions should the clinician be particularly alert for during her exam? x Student Answer: Human papillomavirus (HPV) Endometrial hyperplasia Vagismus Polycystic ovarian syndrome Question 22. Question : Which of the following classes of drugs should be used as first-line therapy for treatment of delirium? Student Answer: Benzodiazepines x Antipsychotic Anticonvulsants Antidepressants Question 23. Question : What is the treatment of choice for a patient diagnosed with testicular cancer? Student Answer: Radical orchidectomy Lumpectomy Radiation implants All of the above Question 26. Question : A 24-year-old woman presents to the clinic with dysuria, dyspareunia, and a mucopurulent vaginal discharge. Her boyfriend was recently treated for nongonococcal urethritis. What sexually transmitted disease (STD) has she most probably been exposed to? Student Answer: Gonorrhea Human papillomavirus (HPV) Chlamydia Trichomonas Question 27. Question : A 58-year-old woman who had a total abdominal hysterectomy at the age of 45 is diagnosed with atrophic vaginitis. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment? Student Answer: Conjugated estrogen 0.625 mg/day oral Estradiol 7.5 mcg/24 hr vaginal ring Medroxyprogesterone 10 mg/day oral x Conjugated estrogen 0.3 mg + medroxyprogesterone 1.5 mg/day oral Question 28. Question : When looking under the microscope to diagnose an intravaginal infection, you see a cluster of small and oval to round shapes. What do you suspect they are? Student Answer: Spores x Leukocytes Pseudohyphae Epithelial cells Question 33. Question : Patients with a spontaneous pneumothorax should be counseled that up to what percentage may experience a reoccurrence at some point? Student Answer: 10% 20% x 30% 50% Question 34. Question : John is a 16-year-old boy who presents to the emergency room after hurting his knee in a football game. He described twisting his knee and then being unable to extend it completely. John tells the clinician that he heard a pop when the injury occurred and has been experiencing localized pain. The clinician suspects a meniscal tear. Which test would be most appropriate to assess for the presence of a meniscal tear? Student Answer: Valgus stress test X McMurray circumduction test Lachman test Varus stress test Question 37 . Question : During a digital rectal exam (DRE) on a 75-year-old man, the clinician suspects the patient has prostate cancer. What physical finding should make the clinician suspicious? Student Answer: An enlarged rubbery gland A hard irregular gland A tender gland A boggy gland Question 38. Janet is a 30-year-old woman who has been recently diagnosed with a herniated disc at the level of L5-S1. She is currently in the emergency room with suspicion of cauda equina compression. Which of the following is a sign or symptom of cauda equina compression? Student Answer: Gastrocnemius weakness A reduced or absent ankle reflex Numbness in the lateral foot x Paresthesia of the perineum and buttocks Question 39. Question : The criteria for diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (text revision) (DSM-IV-TR) state that excessive worry or apprehension must be present more days than not for at least: x Student Answer: 1 month. 3 months. 6 months. 12 months. Question 41. Question : A patient is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Which of the following electrocardiogram (ECG) changes should the clinician expect as a manifestation of the disease? Student Answer: Sinus bradycardia Atrial fibrillation Supraventricular tachycardia x U waves Question 43. Question : Which type of burn injury results in destruction of epidermis with most of the dermis, yet the epidermal cells lining hair follicles and sweat glands remain intact? x Student Answer: Superficial burns Superficial partial-thickness burns Deep partial-thickness burns Full-thickness burns . Question 44. Question : Immunizations are an example of which type of prevention? X Student Answer: Primary Secondary Tertiary Question 45. Question : If a previously frostbitten area becomes frostbitten again after it has healed, what might occur? Student Answer: Permanent tissue damage may occur, resulting in necrosis to that body part. The area will be super sensitive. x The area is prone to a repeat frostbite. The area is as susceptible as any other area. Question 47. Question : A 26-year-old woman is seen with complaints of irregular vaginal bleeding. Which of the following tests should be the first priority? Student Answer: Pregnancy test x Pelvic ultrasound Endometrial biopsy Platelet count Question 49 . Question : Julie, aged 50, has migraine headaches, frequent asthma attacks, coronary artery disease, and hypertension. Which of the following prophylactic medications would you order for her migraines? x Student Answer: Propranolol Timolol Ergotamine Topiramate Question 50 . Question : A 64-year-old man with type 2 diabetes presents to the clinic with the complaint of "my feet feel like they are on fire." He has a loss of vibratory sense, +1 Achilles reflex, and a tack embedded in his left heel. Which of the following would be an appropriate treatment? Student Answer: Tricyclic antidepressants Capsacin cream Vitamin B12 injections Insulin * Times are displayed in (GMT-07:00) Mountain Time (US & Canada) 1. Jennifer is an 18-year-old girl who comes to the emergency room after a fall during a soccer game. Jennifer explains that she fell on her left side and kept her arm out straight to break her fall. She has been experiencing severe pain and limited range of motion in her left shoulder. The clinician has diagnosed Jennifer with a dislocated shoulder. Which of the following statements are true concerning shoulder dislocation? (Points : 2) x Posterior dislocations are more common than anterior dislocations. There is a risk of neurovascular and neurosensory trauma, so the clinician should check for distal pulses. Recurrent dislocations are uncommon and would require a greater force to result in injury. Surgery is most commonly the treatment of choice. Question 2. 2. In the United States, what is the second most common connective tissue disease and the most destructive to the joints? (Points : 2) Osteoarthritis Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) x Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Sjogren's syndrome Question 3. 3. Which of the following laboratory findings should the clinician expect in a patient with untreated Graves' disease? (Points : 2) Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Elevated T4 Elevated TRH All of the above Question 4. 4. Which of the following classes of drugs should be used as first-line therapy for treatment of delirium? (Points : 2) Benzodiazepines x Antipsychotic Anticonvulsants Antidepressant Question 5. 5. When may confidentiality be overridden? (Points : 2) When personal information is available on the computer When a clinician needs to share information with a billing company When an insurance company wants to know the results of a breast cancer gene test x When a patient has a communicable disease Question 6. 6. What percentage of burns is involved using the rule of nines if both front legs are burned? (Points : 2) x 9% 18% 24% 36% Question 7. 7. The clinician should question the patient with suspected gout about use of which of these medications that may be a risk factor? (Points : 2) Low-dose aspirin Thiazide diuretics Ethambutol All of the above Question 8. 8. Women are at the highest risk for developing postpartum depression for up to how long after childbirth? (Points : 2) x 2 weeks 1 month 3 months 6 months Question 9. 9. Which ethical principle reflects respect for all persons and their self-determination? (Points : 2) x Autonomy Beneficence Justice Veracity Question 10. George, aged 59, complains of a flulike illness, including fever, chills, and myalgia after returning from visiting his grandchildren in New England. He reports having discovered a rash or red spot that grew in size on his right leg. What disease are you considering? (Points : 2) x A viral syndromes Lyme disease Rocky Mountain spotted fever Relapsing fever Question 11. 11. A 26-year-old woman is seen with complaints of irregular vaginal bleeding. Which of the following tests should be the first priority? (Points : 2) Pregnancy test x Pelvic ultrasound Endometrial biopsy Platelet count Question 12. 12. Which of the following statements is true regarding the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome? (Points : 2) The goal of treatment is to prevent flexion and extension movements of the wrist. Splints are used in carpal tunnel syndrome because they allow for free movement of the fingers and thumb while maintaining the wrist in a neutral position. Corticosteroid injections are discouraged in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome because of the risks for median nerve damage, scarring, and infection. x All of the above Question 13. During a digital rectal exam (DRE) on a 75-year-old man, the clinician suspects the patient has prostate cancer. What physical finding should make the clinician suspicious? (Points : 2) An enlarged rubbery gland x A hard irregular gland A tender gland A boggy gland Question 14. 14. Which drug commonly prescribed for burns is active against a wide spectrum of microbial pathogens and is the most frequently used agent for partial- and full-thickness thermal injuries? (Points : 2) Clotrimazole cream (Lotrimen) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) Silver nitrate x Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) Question 15. A 58-year-old woman presents with a breast mass. Which of the following responses by the clinician would be most appropriate? (Points : 2) "It is probably just a cyst, because that is the most common breast mass." X "We will order a mammogram and ultrasound to help establish a diagnosis." "We will go ahead and schedule you for a biopsy because that is the only way to know for sure." "Because your lump is painful, it is most likely not cancer." Question 16. After removing a tack from a type 2 diabetic's heel and evaluating the site for infection, what is the best plan for this patient? (Points : 2) Suggest she use a heating pad to improve circulation Refer to a podiatrist for a foot care treatment plan Send her for acupuncture treatments All of the above Question 17. 17. Which of the following medications is the treatment of choice for trichomonas? (Points : 2) x Metranidazole Ceftriaxone Diflucan Doxycycline Question 18. Most adult poisonings are: (Points : 2) X intentional and self-inflicted. accidental. caused by someone wishing to do harm to the person. not attributed to any reason. Question 19. 19. Which solution should be used when irrigating lacerated tissue over a wound on the arm? (Points : 2) Dilute povidone-iodine solution x Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) Saline solution infused with an antibiotic Saline irrigation or soapy water Question 20. 20. A patient is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Which of the following electrocardiogram (ECG) changes should the clinician expect as a manifestation of the disease? (Points : 2) Sinus bradycardia Atrial fibrillation Supraventricular tachycardia x U waves Question 21. 21. What is usually the first sign or symptom that a patient would present with that would make you suspect herpes zoster? (Points : 2) A stabbing type of pain on one small area of the body x A vesicular skin lesion on one side of the body A pain that is worse upon awakening A lesion on the exterior ear canal Question 22. Which patient is more likely to have a cluster headache? (Points : 2) A female in her reproductive years x A 40-year-old African American male A 55-year-old female who drinks 10 cups of coffee daily x A 45-year-old male awakened at night Question 23 . 23. If a previously frostbitten area becomes frostbitten again after it has healed, what might occur? (Points : 2) Permanent tissue damage may occur, resulting in necrosis to that body part. The area will be super sensitive. The area is prone to a repeat frostbite. x The area is as susceptible as any other area. Question 24. The current goal of treatment for a patient with HIV infection is which of the following? (Points : 2) x Viral suppression of HIV to undetectable levels in the peripheral blood Compete eradication of the virus Encouraging the person to have no contact with uninfected individuals Complete abstinence Question 25. The clinician sees a patient who is 5 feet tall and weighs 150 pounds. How would the clinician classify this patient? (Points : 2) x Overweight Mild obesity Moderate obesity Morbid obesity Question 26. 26. The clinician has instructed Sam, a 25-year-old patient with low back strain, to use NSAIDs to manage his symptoms of pain and discomfort. Which of the following statements would be most appropriate when teaching Sam about the use of NSAIDs to manage his pain? (Points : 2) You should start with the lowest dose that is effective in managing your pain, because long-term use of NSAIDs can result in gastrointestinal (GI) disorders such as ulcers and hemorrhage. You should start with the lowest dose that is effective in managing your pain in order to avoid developing tolerance to the medication. x You should take the maximum recommended dose of NSAIDs so that you will not need to take narcotics to control your pain. It is important to take NSAIDs on an empty stomach in order to increase absorption. Question 27. 27. In the consensus model for Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) regulation, the "C" of LACE represents? (Points : 2) Commitment Consensus x Certification Collaboration Question 28. 28. Which of the following statements is true concerning the management of the client with a herniated disc? (Points : 2) Muscle relaxants and narcotics can be used to control moderate pain but should be discontinued after 3 weeks of use. An epidural injection is helpful in reducing leg pain that has persisted for at least 3 weeks after the herniation occurred. Intolerable pain for more than a 3-month period is an indication for surgical intervention. x All of the above Question 29. 29. Which type of burn injury results in destruction of epidermis with most of the dermis, yet the epidermal cells lining hair follicles and sweat glands remain intact? (Points : 2) x Superficial burns Superficial partial-thickness burns Deep partial-thickness burns Full-thickness burns Question 30. 30. CPT coding offers the uniformed language used for reporting medical services and procedures performed by physician and nonphysician practitioners. Clinicians are paid based on calculated resource costs that are calculated based on practice components. Which of the following are part of the components used to calculate the per CPT code payment rate? (Points : 2) Clinician education loans x Clinician practice liability and malpractice expense Clinician reported cost reduction efforts Clinician volume of patients treated Question 31. 31. Patients with a spontaneous pneumothorax should be counseled that up to what percentage may experience a reoccurrence at some point? (Points : 2) 10% x 20% 30% 50% Question 32. 32. A bulla is: (Points : 2) x A vesicle larger than 1 cm in diameter. An elevated solid mass with a hard texture, and the shape and borders can be regular or irregular. A superficial elevated lesion filled with purulent fluid. Thinning of the skin (epidermis and dermis) that appears white or translucent. Question 33. 33. Clinicians who learn how to code and document Evaluation and Management (E&M) and clinician services will be more successful in gaining timely payment for care delivery. Which or the following Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) practices are designed to financially penalize clinicians who do not bill according to CMS guidelines? (Points : 2) Audits and probes Add-on codes Modifier codes HAC guidelines Question 34. 34. Which characteristic of delirium helps to distinguish delirium from dementia? (Points : 2) Abrupt onset Impaired attention Affective changes Delusions Question 35. 35. Which of the following statements is true concerning the musculoskeletal exam? (Points : 2) The uninvolved side should be examined initially and compared to the involved side. The part of the body that is causing the patient pain should be examined first. The patient should not be asked to perform active range-of-motion (ROM) exercises whenever possible to avoid causing pain. Radiographs should always be obtained prior to examination so as not to cause further injury to the patient. Question 36. 36. A 22-year-old male is seen in the clinic because he found a hard lump in his testicle when performing testicular self-examination (TSE). Which of the following should be included in the list of differential diagnoses? (Points : 2) Testicular cancer Inguinal hernia Varicocele All of the above Question 37. 37. When looking under the microscope to diagnose an intravaginal infection, you see a cluster of small and oval to round shapes. What do you suspect they are? (Points : 2) Spores x Leukocytes Pseudohyphae Epithelial cells Question 38. 38. Which of the following is a role of the advanced practice nurse in palliative cancer care? (Points : 2) X Detecting cancer in asymptomatic patients or those with specific symptoms Arranging for follow-up care, including psychosocial and spiritual support Identifying and managing complications of care All of the above Question 39. 39. Immunizations are an example of which type of prevention? (Points : 2) x Primary Secondary Tertiary Question 40. 40. Julie, aged 50, has migraine headaches, frequent asthma attacks, coronary artery disease, and hypertension. Which of the following prophylactic medications would you order for her migraines? (Points : 2) x Propranolol Timolol Ergotamine Topiramate Question 41. 41. A 23-year-old sexually active woman presents for her first Pap smear. Her history includes nulligravida, age at first intercourse 14, and more than 10 sexual partners. Which of the following conditions should the clinician be particularly alert for during her exam? (Points : 2) x Human papillomavirus (HPV) Endometrial hyperplasia Vagismus Polycystic ovarian syndrome Question 42. 42. How often should the clinician examine the feet of a person with diabetes? (Points : 2) Once a year Every 6 months Every 3 months x Every visit Question 43. 43. A 45-year-old woman is seen in the clinic with complaints of a vaginal discharge. The clinician identifies clue cells on the vaginal smear. Which of the following diagnoses is associated with this finding? (Points : 2) Trichomonas x Bacterial vaginosis Human papillomavirus (HPV) Herpes simplex virus (HSV) Question 44. 44. After 6 months of synthroid therapy, the clinician should expect which of the following in the repeat thyroid studies? (Points : 2) Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) x Normal TSH Low TSH Undetectable TSH Question 45. 45. The main mechanism for avoiding a lawsuit involves: (Points : 2) Good liability insurance A collaborating physician Good documentation x Open communication skills Question 46. 46. The criteria for diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (text revision) (DSM-IV-TR) state that excessive worry or apprehension must be present more days than not for at least: (Points : 2) x 1 month. 3 months. 6 months. 12 months. Question 47. 47. What is the treatment of choice for a patient diagnosed with testicular cancer? (Points : 2) x Radical orchidectomy Lumpectomy Radiation implants All of the above Question 48. 48. Janet is a 30-year-old woman who has been recently diagnosed with a herniated disc at the level of L5-S1. She is currently in the emergency room with suspicion of cauda equina compression. Which of the following is a sign or symptom of cauda equina compression? (Points : 2) Gastrocnemius weakness A reduced or absent ankle reflex Numbness in the lateral foot x Paresthesia of the perineum and buttocks Question 49. 49. Which drug for Alzheimer's disease should be administered beginning at the time of diagnosis? (Points : 2) X Cholinesterase inhibitors Anxiolytics Antidepressants Atypical antipsychotics Question 50. 50. Which of the following signs or symptoms indicate an inflammatory etiology to musculoskeletal pain? (Points : 2) Decreased C-reactive protein Hyperalbuminemia x Morning stiffness Weight gain