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Soc 1 quizzes Questions and Answers A Emerging technologies that have a significant impact on social life such as the emergence of computers, satellites, and the electronic media are referred to as ... . New technology A Although computers were well established by the 1990s as efficient, cost effective, and user friendly many people refused to learn how to use them or to adapt to the emerging technology. This was an example of what William Ogburn would refer to as . Cultural lag A Helpfulness, personal kindness, aid in mass disasters, and organized philanthropy are examples of the U.S. core value identified by Robin Williams as . Humanitarianism A According to Charles Horton Cooley, we develop a self-concept: By interpreting how others think about us A Of the following, the variable that sociologists have documented as being the key to children staying out of trouble in more affluent neighborhoods is the: supervision the members of the community provide to children other than their own A Mead's stage of development that begins in early school years in which the child learns to take multiple roles is the stage. Game A If people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences. This classic statement is known as the . Thomas therom A The emerging bioeconomic society may be traced to 1953 when Crick and Watson identified the . Double helix structure of DNA A In "Down to Earth Sociology:College Football as Social Structure," found on page 83, the title of quarterback signifies and the expectation of the quarterback to throw passes is a part of his . Status and role A The founder of ethnomethodology was sociologist . Harold Garfinkel A The American core value that pervades U.S. life and is underscored by the American revolution is . Freedom According to JoEllen Shively, Native Americans enjoy cowboy movies and novels featuring cowboys. When watching westerns they identify with the cowboys rather than the indians. The reason for this is that: A Liebow and Anderson studied how street corner men in Washington, D.C. coped with life on a day-to-day basis. This represents an example of . Microsociology A In the opening passage, the author recalls his experience as he joined the band of wine-drinking, inner-city men in Washington, DC. Based on this experience, which statement best summarizes the experience of the: A Jean Piaget's use of the term "operational" means much the same as . e author? Reasoning skills A The two sociological perspectives that focus on the broader picture or the macrosociological approach, are . Conflict theory and functionalism A Hilda is studying at the library. She has placed her coat on the chair next to her and has spread books in front of the other chairs radiating out to about four feet. Hilda is trying to establish a "distance zone" that Hall would call Hilda's . Personal distance A In "Down to Earth Sociology:College Football as Social Structure," found on page 83, the title of quarterback signifies and the expectation of the quarterback to throw passes is a part of his . Status and roles A The "distance zone" identified by Edward Hall extending 4 to 12 feet and being reserved for such things as job interviews is called . Social distance Americans are expected to go far in school, work hard and attain a high level of material comfort as a demonstration of success. The interrelated values of education, hard work and success would be an example of . A value cluster Recently, Debbie went on a world tour. When she came back from her tour, she told her friends that she was able to stop at a McDonalds and order a Big Mac in every major city she visited. Her ability to have a Big Mac in all the major cities is an example o Cultural leveling Sally's family lives in a more affluent neighborhood and has lived there for many years. It is likely that when Sally is playing a few blocks from home but in the same neighborhood that: A Psychologists, Susan Goldberg and Michael Lewis, observed the interactions of mothers and children to determine if the children were socialized differently, depending on the child's sex. They found that mothers: Mothers unconsciously rewarded daughters for being dependent. A Morris is 3 years of age and is just beginning to talk. He can count to 10 but is not altogether sure what numbers actually mean. According to Piaget, Morris is in the stage. Preoperational A During the first social revolution, the ability for some members of society to engage in art, metal working, carpentry, and occupations other than those related to food production marked the advent of . The divison of labor n "Cultural Diversity in the United States:The Amish-Gemeinschaft Community in a Gesellschaft Society,"Amish life is based upon . Separation from the world The variable of social structure that lays the broadest framework of social location is . culture Alice is getting ready for an interview with a potential employer. She has picked out a blazer and skirt and has had her hair done at the beauty shop. Alice is relying on her manner and her appearance to communicate to the employer that she would be an excellent employee. According to Goffman, Alice would be engaged in . Impression management In a four square block section of midtown Manhattan, it is possible to purchase a bagel with cream cheese, eat stir-fried vegetables prepared in a wok, or dine on raw fish in a sushi bar. This range of culinary possibilities illustrates the process of: . Cultural Diffusion The automobile, and the skills needed to drive it, would be an example of . Technology Fred has just joined a fraternity. As part of his initiation, he has been forced to strip naked and roll in a tub of mud. This is an example of what Harold Garfinkel termed . The gap between childhood and adulthood that was first addressed during the Industrial Revolution is classified by the term . adolescent Jessica always paints her finger nails deep purple and always wears a pin representing the Minnesota Vikings football team. Jessica's deep purple finger nails and pin constitute her . Personal identity kit The "distance zone" identified by Edward Hall extending 4 to 12 feet and being reserved for such things as job interviews is called . Social distance Which statement is least true of social institutions? The distance zone extending 18 inches to four feet reserved for friends and acquaintances and ordinary conversations is . Midterm: 1. The "society within us" is shaped by . Cultural Standards 2. Companies that operate across many national boundaries which helps the Most Industrialized Nations maintain global dominance are referred to as .Multinational Corporations a. A Male, female, race or age would be considered a[n] . Ascribed Master Status 3. A major means by which neocolonialists maintain global stratification is: debt, with ever mounting interest 4. Expectations that guide our behavior and are a vital part of social status are referred to as . Norms 5. Workers in the Maquiladoras plants along the United States and Mexican border make ten dollars a day which is only a fraction of what American workers were paid to do the same work. It is unlikely, however, that the Mexican workers will go on strike to demand better wages because: 6. Workers in other nations are eager to do the same work for only a dollar or two a day 7. 8. A feeling of trust the researcher must establish with his or her respondents is referred to as . Rapport 9. Which of the following statement is least true regarding the concept of ideology versus force as a means to maintain stratification? Coercion is as effective as ideology, but it is expensive and creates false consciousness. 10. A a ows that emotions are:purely a result of instinct 11. Which of the following statements is least true of an ascribed status?an ascribed status is involuntary. 12. For Marx, ownership of was the primary factor which distinguished the different classes under industrial capitalism. The means of production 13. The three predominant members of the sociology department created at the University of Chicago in the late 19th century were: Robert park, Ernest burgess, George Hebert mead 14. The Maquiladoras are: assembly-for-export factories along the Mexican border. 15. The aspect of social structure that divides people according to income, education, and occupational prestige is .Social Class 16. In dramaturgy, when two or more people work together to make certain a "performance" goes as planned, it is referred to as . Teamwork 2. As a child's experience with agents of socialization broaden, the influence of the family . Lessons 3. Immanuel Wallerstein proposed theory to explain how global stratification developed. World Systems 4. According to Durkheim, refers to a shared consciousness that people experience as a result of performing the same or similar tasks. Mechanical Solidarity People who share a culture and territory are referred to as a/an general statement about how some parts of the world fit together and how they work is defined as a Theory The two sociological perspectives that focus on the broader picture or the macrosociological approach, are conflict theory and functionalism Jessica always paints her finger nails deep purple and always wears a pin representing the Minnesota Vikings football team. Jessica's deep purple finger nails and pin constitute her .Personal Identity Kit People who share a culture and territory are referred to as a/an . Society The two most striking characteristics of the British class system are and . Language, education A Leo is developing a profile of first generation Italian-Americans who lived in New York City in the 1920s. He is examining the jobs they held, their income, level of education, gender, age, and how long they were in America before becoming citizens. Sociologically, Leo is examining the of the individuals in his study. Social location When people change their behavior about an issue such as divorce, based on a changing image of that issue and what it means, it is an example of . Symbolic interactionism Anthony is conducting experimental research on the effects of an educational therapy program and the conflict handling skills of inmates. He has established two groups. Group A will receive a special conflict handling therapy program. Group B will go about their routine without receiving the therapy or a therapy substitute. Group B is referred to as the . Control Group A[n] consists of people who regularly interact with one another and, usually, share similar values, norms, and expectations. Group A designates social position while designates socially expected behavior. Status, roles Julia is writing a note to one of her classmates. In the note she uses the emoticon:.) and adds OTF to the message. Based on these two expressions, what conclusion can we reach about the content of her note? Julia was laughing so histerically Timothy is an African American, a student, member of the church choir, and quarterback on the university football team. Sociologists would consider this his… social roles Which statement is least true of social institutions? Family, religion The process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors is called .resocialization In a random sample: everyone in the population has the same chance... The Amish can be characterized as a[n] society. Gemeinschaft The process by which people learn from one another, adopting some part of the other's way of life, that is most open to a change in their material culture or technology is referred to as . Cultural Diffusion The founder of ethnomethodology was sociologist- Harold Garfinkel Viewing society as being composed of groups that engage in fierce competition for scarce resources is the underlying premise in . Conflict theory Which statement is least true of the hunting and gathering society? Hunting and gathering societies were able to accumulate reasonable surpluses Frank is examining the events that have occurred over the past 50 years and how these events have affected his own life. By doing so, Frank is engaged in .The sociological imagination A general statement about how some parts of the world fit together and how they work is defined as a .Theory If people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences. This classic statement is known as the . Thomas therom In World Systems Theory, most of Africa and Asia are are comprised of nations because these nations were left out of the development of industrial capitalism. Core Research on the "Saints" and the "Roughnecks" by William Chambliss demonstrates that to understand human behavior, sociologists should focus . Macro and micro levels sociologists emphasize the notion that our thinking and motivation are largely determined by influences drawn from our If a person had lived during Karl Marx's lifetime and had been a laborer at the Smittertown ironworks, Marx would have considered that person a member of the .proletariat The division of large numbers of people into layers according to their relative power, property, and prestige is called . Social stratification In democracies, the ruling elite use two methods to control information. These two methods include .technology and the selective release of information The primary difference in the case studies of Isabelle and that of Genie was that: Genie failed to benefit significantly Jamaican women prefer portly men with rounded mid-sections while American women prefer men who have triangular physiques, big shoulders, and thin waist lines. This difference in what is socially desirable or undesirable is an example of differences in .values A[n] consists of people who regularly interact with one another and, usually, share similar values, norms, and expectations. Group The variable of social structure that lays the broadest framework of social location is .culture Two basic reasons why poor nations remain at the bottom of the world stratification order are: The existence of neocolonialism and the influence of multinational corporations The study of social space is primarily the focus of sociologists who view society from the level of analysis. Micro World systems theory states that some nations grew economically dependent on trade with the Most Industrialized Nations such as Britain, France and Germany. These dependent nations were what Wallerstein called . Semipheriphery nations The two sociological perspectives that focus on the broader picture or the macrosociological approach, are . A closed ended question is one that: followed by a list of possible answers Prior to the importing of Africans as slaves, some colonial plantation owners attempted to enslave to provide their need for labor. Native Americans When the United Fruit Company controlled national and local politics in Central America, its interests were protected by: There was a detail of United States Marines waiting off shore to protect UFC interests The theory of focuses on how the countries that industrialized first got the jump on the rest of the world because of their more advanced economic systems. colonialism A The percentage of the prison population composed of repeat offenders is approximately percent. Answer: 75 A According to Control Theory, inner controls are more effective when: Answer: in the presence of strong attachments, commitments, and involvement with other members of society A According to Kanter, organizations sometimes showcase women and minorities by placing them in highly visible positions to demonstrate how "progressive" they are. These positions tend to be: Answer: they are jobs with little power and minimal authority A Because of our sense of belonging and loyalty to our in-groups, we often tend to judge our own group's traits as virtues, but see the same traits in other groups as vices. This judgment of superiority is an example of . A: double standard A According to Merton, the most common means used to achieve cultural goals is . A: conformity A A leader who is passive and appears to be uninvolved in a group would be termed a[n] leader. A: Laissez-Faire The in an organization shapes people's attitudes and, by extension, the quality of their work. A: cooperate culture A Joanne is a member of a group that is developing a questionnaire as a group project in her Introductory Sociology class. Whenever they meet, Joanne finds she is always trying to keep the group focused on putting the questionnaire together. Joanne would be considered the leader of the group. A: instrumental A George Ritzer maintains that the organizational features of the fast food industry have gradually seeped into many aspects of human social life. He describes this process as the . A: the McDonaldization of society A According to Rosabeth Moss Kanter, the "hidden values" of an organization operate: A Groups that organize on the basis of some mutual interest, such as the Girl Scouts, Knights of Columbus, and labor unions are classified as being . The in an organization shapes people's attitudes and, by extension, the quality of their work. Sometimes people become even more deviant in response to being labeled as deviant. This occurs because . The significance of names or reputations given to people when they engage in certain types of behavior is the focus of theory. Every human group develops a system of formal and informal social controls to enforce norms and discourage deviance. They do so because deviance: The relativity of deviance is best explained by the perspective. In bureaucracies, "red tape" is a term which refers to: As the instrumental leader of a group, your responsibility would be to: Solomon Asch's experiment on group conformity demonstrated that: The main idea of control theory is that most people have strong desires to be deviant, but two systems work against their motivation to deviate. These two systems are termed World systems theory states that some nations grew economically dependent on trade with the Most Industrialized Nations such as Britain, France and Germany. These dependent nations were what Wallerstein called According to world system theory, England, one of the nations in which industrial capitalism first developed, is a nation. Studies of isolated and institutionalized children point out the importance of in acquiring the basic "human" traits we take for granted. Billy, a very bright youngster, is 14 years old and is a sophomore in college. This is an example of . One factor contributing to the maintenance of global domination by the Most Industrialized Nations is the emergence of The notion of selective perception, which leads us to see certain things and blinds us to others, is of special interest to theorists. The organized, usual, or standard ways by which society meets its basic needs such as family, religion, economics, and science are referred to as Social Institution Tony is five years of age. He loves to dress up like Batman and pretend to save Gotham City from the Penguin. According to Mead's theory, he is in the stage. Pla Y An important threat to global control by the G8, the group of nations that decide world policy, is the: A: resurgence of ethnic conflicts worldwide Forms of communication that are directed at large audiences such as television, movies, and video games are referred to as . Mass media The concept that refers to the accuracy of operational definitions measuring what they are untended to measure is . A: Validity Frank is examining the events that have occurred over the past 50 years and how these events have affected his own life. By doing so, Frank is engaged in A: sociological imagination All truly scientific endeavors require that scientific theories, once developed, can be tested by systematic research. A: True Samantha works in a place that is hierarchial is nature, has a division of labor, written rules, communications and records, and in which workers treat each other impersonally. Based on these characteristics we can conclude Samantha works in a/an A: bureaucracy Research that has no goal beyond understanding social life and testing social theories is referred to as . Basic sociology In the United States, there is a focus on leisure, self-fulfillment, physical fitness, feeling young, and concern for the environment. This emerging value cluster is a response to fundamental changes in .Non-material culture Sociologist Howard S. Becker notes that deviance is defined: A: by the reaction of others to the behavior The refers to the powerful nations that dominate the world today. Group of eight?? The term, , coined by sociologist William Ogburn, is used to describe a situation in which nonmaterial culture changes slower than material culture. Cultural lag George Ritzer maintains that the organizational features of the fast food industry have gradually seeped into many aspects of human social life. He describes this process as the . McDonaldization of Society When people change their behavior about an issue such as divorce, based on a changing image of that issue and what it means, it is an example of . A: Symbolic interactionism or assimilation In the caste system, anyone who becomes contaminated by having contact with members of a caste below them must follow a washing ritual to restore purity called . A: Ablution The process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors is called . A: Resocialization The concepts of reserve labor force and split labor market are a part of in explaining prejudice. Conflict Perspective Louisiana has canceled millions of dollars of taxes owed by corporations that have been in business for many years under its start-up company incentives. These tax breaks are an example of . A: Corporate welfare Research shows that emotions are: A: a mixture of sociology and biology Marx believed that social class placement was based solely on a person's: A: relationship to the means of production Of the following, the variable that sociologists have documented as being the key to children staying out of trouble in more affluent neighborhoods is the: A: Supervision of the members of the community provide other than their own When labels lead us to see certain things while the same labels lead us to be blind to the messages they convey, sociologists refer to this condition as . A: selective perception Prior to the research of H.M. Skeels and H. B. Dye, it was believed children reared in orphanages tended to have lower IQs because: A: it was because of biological reasons (they were just born that way) The variable of social structure that lays the broadest framework of social location is . In "Cultural Diversity in the United States:The Amish-Gemeinschaft Community in a Gesellschaft Society,"Amish life is based upon . In a random sample:-everyone in the population has the same chance of being included in the study. According to Durkheim, refers to a shared consciousness that people experience as a result of performing the same or similar tasks. Mechanical solidarity The underlying principle of symbolic interactionism is: A: The process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors is called how one's behavior depends on the way they define themselves and others The process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors is called A: resocialization When Bosnian Serbs practiced "ethnic cleansing" of the Muslim population during the 1990s they employed a combination of . Population transfer and genocide Alice is getting ready for an interview with a potential employer. She has picked out a blazer and skirt and has had her hair done at the beauty shop. Alice is relying on her manner and her appearance to communicate to the employer that she would be an excellent employee. According to Goffman, Alice would be engaged in . impression management Prejudice, discrimination, and hostility directed against people because of their age is referred to as . ageism the practice of industrialized nations controlling the least industrialized nations through debt is known as: neocolonialism Which of the following would be the best example of a total institution? military boot camps Ethnic refers to how people construct their ethnicity. work The sociologist who conducted extensive research on varying rates of suicide within a specific country and among different countries was . Durkheim According to Merton, the most common means used to achieve cultural goals is -conformity The relativity of deviance is best explained by the perspective. A: symbolic interactionist Which of the following examples of culture does not belong with the other three? technology The study of social space is primarily the focus of sociologists who view society from the level of analysis. microsologiocal The is to the second social revolution as the steam engine was to the third social revolution. plow A Fred has just joined a fraternity. As part of his initiation, he has been forced to strip naked and roll in a tub of mud. This is an example of what Harold Garfinkel termed . A degradation ceremony A reactive social movement, refers to: resist social change Bob's football coach is a very important influence in his life. Many of Bob's actions are attempts to win the approval of his coach. Mead would suggest that the coach is one of Bob's . A: Significant others Because social factors have been found to influence whether individuals commit suicide, the suicide rates remain fairly constant year after year. True Which statement is least true of social institutions? -As society becomes more industrialized, social institutions become less formal. A closed ended question is one that: A: list of possible answers to be selected by the respondent Based on their research with monkeys, Harry and Margaret Harlow concluded that: isolation... Functionalist theories of aging (disengagement, activity, and continuity) tend to focus primarily on: A: how the elderly adjust to retirement (narrow) how societies parts work together to keep it running smoothly (broad) The basic premise of Piaget's model of development that has remained unchanged is that: children begin with the concrete and move to the abstract. The theory of aging that equates happiness to the amount and quality of program participation the elderly engage in falls under the classification of activity theory The philosophy that biology is not destiny and that stratification by gender is wrong and should be resisted is referred to as . feminism Feminism As we proceed on our life course, the events we experience are largely influenced by . A: influences drawn from life experiences William Julius Wilson argues that has become the most significant factor in the lives of African Americans in today's U.S. society. A: social class Sally's neighborhood, the school she attends, the church to which she belongs, her parents, and friends, would best be classified as Sally's . Social environment Milgram's experiment involving the "small world phenomenon" discovered that: Small group... A shift in the characteristics of culture and society is referred to by sociologists as . A: Social change The process by which people learn from one another, adopting some part of the other's way of life, that is most open to a change in their material culture or technology is referred to as . Cultural diffusion Which statement is least true of the hunting and gathering society? Hunting and gathering societies were able to accumulate reasonable surpluses Of the following, the variable that sociologists have documented as being the key to children staying out of trouble in more affluent neighborhoods is the: supervision the members... Which statement is least true of the aging American population? There are 7 million more elderly people than teenagers in the United States today. The Sherifs' experiment in which boys at a summer camp were assigned different cabins which competed against each other in sports and for status illustrates that: Prejudice is functional as it creates in-group solidarity?? Sam, a bartender who saw duty in Vietnam, refuses to serve Asians in his bar because he believes that Asians have no business living in the U.S.A. Sam's actions describe . prejudice and discrimination The primary dimension of social class that is the value of a person's assets is . Wealth In the statement, "poverty causes crime," the term "poverty" would qualify as the independent variable. True Some people look at a situation and are pessimistic, others viewing the same situation are optimistic. When the government introduces new taxes, one group sees their glass as being "half full" while another family sees their glass as now "half empty." This is an example of how for every situation there is another point of view which is referred to as . Multiple realities Symbolic interactionists believe that the social value of the elderly in America when the economy shifted being agricultural to industrial. decreased Meaning of race- race a group whose inherited physical characteristics distinguish it from other groups During the stages of a social movement a division of labor is set up. The unequal access to power, property, and prestige based on one's sex is referred to as . gender stratification According to sociologists, social movements go through stages as they grow and mature. Of these stages, the crucial stage that enables social movements to become more stable and continue is the stage. A The Million-Man March conducted in 1995 by African-American males was: Resource mobilization As a child's experience with agents of socialization broaden, the influence of the family . Lessons A reactive social movement, refers to: people who organize to resist social change How a country's dominant group exploits minority groups for its economic advantage refers to Internal colonialism .Louisiana has canceled millions of dollars of taxes owed by corporations that have been in business for many years under its start-up company incentives. These tax breaks are an example of . Corporate welfare The notion of selective perception, which leads us to see certain things and blinds us to others, is of special interest to theorists. Symbolic interaction? Michel's term, "the iron law of oligarchy" refers to: the domination of organizations by a small, self-perpetuating elite. According to Kanter, organizations sometimes showcase women and minorities by placing them in highly visible positions to demonstrate how "progressive" they are. These positions tend to be: C. they are jobs with little power and minimal authority According to C. Wright Mills, the sociological imagination enables us to grasp the connection between the demographic profile of where people live and their connection to the political structure to society. he argument made by feminists that men and women should have equal rights and that the emphasis of male superiority or patriarchy by society is wrong falls under the perspective most aligned with . The issue of social inequality first became a fundamental feature of social life in the society. ANSWER IS NOT PASTORAL Research conducted by Cumming on disengagement theory revealed that disengagement: Dr. Wilson is considering retiring from his faculty position at the university. He is expected to receive emeritus status at the university, plans to travel extensively with his wife, and is looking forward to doing missionary work with other members of his church. Dr. Wilson's approach to retirement is an illustration of . [Show More]

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