Unit 2 Milestone 2 Sophia Introduction to sociology,100% CORRECT

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Sociobiology is heavily influenced by __________. • Robin Williams Jr.'s core values of American life • Gerhard Lenski's five types of society • Charles Darwin's theory of evolution... 2 The increasing influence of medicine and psychiatry in our society has resulted in a phenomenon known as __________, which describes behavior in terms of health and illness, rather than morality. • retrospective labeling • the medicalization of deviance • stigma • differential association theory 3 Which of the following is NOT an example of a community-based correction procedure? • Parole • None of the answer choices are correct. • The death penalty • Probation 4 At the height of the Roman Empire, criminals were publicly stoned to death. A public display of punishment, including violent execution, is a method of __________ because it provides an example for the rest of society. • deterrence • retribution • force • retaliation 5 Which of the following is a process that consists of four stages: hunting and gathering, horticulture and pastoralism, agriculture, and industry? • Technology • Eurocentrism • Post-industrialism • Social organization 6 The mafia is an example of which of the following types of crime? • Hate crime • Organized crime • White collar crime • Corporate crime 7 Ben no longer believes in the legitimacy of the authority and power figures in his life. According to control theory, he is now more likely to act out in deviant ways. According to control theory, which of the following forces of control no longer restrains Ben's behavior? • Attachment • Opportunity • Involvement • Belief 8 Which of the following statements is FALSE? • Ideal culture consists of the positive cultural images that we have of ourselves. • Ideal culture is the culture as it is practiced. • Real culture is the culture as it is practiced. 9 Why are women and minority groups more likely to be labeled as deviant by society? • Society wants more female deviants than male deviants. • Women and minorities face more constraints, and are subject to more rules. • They are naturally more deviant than men and non-minority groups. • All of the answer choices are correct. 10 Which of the following terms describes how the introduction of new technology in society can cause parts of a culture to change at different rates? • Sociocultural evolution • Cultural integration • Cultural lag • Cultural transmission 11 Which of the following statements about cultural relativism is FALSE? • It requires judgment of a culture according to its own standards. • It requires judgment of other cultures according to the standards of our own culture. • It requires openness to unfamiliar values and norms. • It asserts that moral standards vary from society to society. 12 Hank believes that no matter how hard he tries, he'll never get ahead. He is proud, however, that he doesn't commit crimes to get ahead. He works hard to earn his living. Hank displays which of the following reactions to strain? • Retreatism • Ritualism • Innovation • Conformity 13 Caitlin is an archaeologist who is writing her dissertation on the Mayan rite of human sacrifice. She travels to Central America and examines Mayan ruins and cultural artifacts. She attempts to make inferences about their cultural worldview and beliefs. By doing do, she hopes to better understand the sacrifice ritual. Caitlin tries to understand the Mayans' __________ by investigating their material culture. • non-material culture • technology • society 14 Jina works as a home health aide for elderly patients. She decides to steal cash and inexpensive items from a patient's home. Jina plans to commit which of the following types of crime? • Victimless crime • Crime against the person • Crime against property 15 The Miami Heat (a professional basketball team) is an example of which of the following cultural concepts? • Subculture • Counterculture • Monoculture • Multiculturalism 16 Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Massachusetts Bay Puritans? • The Puritans, a God-fearing and well-behaved society, created deviance as a functional necessity. • There was no deviance in Puritan society. • Despite changes in the nature of crime, the rates of deviance remained constant over time in Puritan society. This indicates that there was always some deviance in Puritan society. • Puritan society experienced several crime waves. 17 According to sociologist Robin Williams Jr., which of the following are core values of American life? • Equal opportunity • Science • Racism and group superiority • All of the answer choices are correct. 18 Which of the following terms best describes the social process through which we share beliefs, knowledge, and understanding of the world? • The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis • Symbolic language • Cultural transmission • Mores 19 Who was Edwin Sutherland? • An anthropologist who theorized social conflict • An anthropologist who theorized differential association • A sociologist and criminologist who theorized social conflict • A sociologist and criminologist who theorized differential association 20 Which of the following arguments is NOT made by supporters of multiculturalism? • It is a way of accepting society's increasing diversity. • It encourages divisiveness and racial separation. • It encourages understanding of one's cultural heritage. • None of the answer choices are correct. 21 The argument that those who challenge the capitalist system will be controlled by the criminal justice system illustrates which of the following theories of crime and deviance? • Conflict theory • Labeling theory • Control theory • Differential association theory 22 After moving to a new school, Anthony wants to join a new group of friends. He notices that the people he sits with at lunch on the first day of class use words in ways that are new to him (e.g., they say "bad" to mean "good"). They also shake hands in a unique way. Trying to fit in, Anthony adopts these subcultural behaviors. Anthony attempts to learn the __________ of the group. • taboos • folkways • proscriptive norms • mores [Show More]

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