PATHO FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
Reproductive
Endometrial cycle and the occurrence of ovulation
-menstrual cyclestarts with menarche (first menstruation) ends with menopause (cessation of menstrual flow for 1
...
PATHO FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
Reproductive
Endometrial cycle and the occurrence of ovulation
-menstrual cyclestarts with menarche (first menstruation) ends with menopause (cessation of menstrual flow for 1 year)
-Cycles -anovulatory at first may vary in length from 10 to 60 days or more.
-As adolescence proceeds into adulthood, regular patterns of menstruation and ovulation are established at intervals ranging from 21 to 45 days.
-Menstruation continues to recur in a recognizable and characteristic pattern during adulthood, with the length of the menstrual cycle varying considerably among women.
- commonly accepted cycle average is 28 (27 to 30) days, with rhythmic intervals of 21 to 35 days considered normal.
-Approximately 2 to 8 years before menopause, cycles begin to lengthen again with variation related to changing hormone levels
-2 phases:
1) follicular/proliferative phase (postmenstrual)
-lasts until about day 14.
- endometrium grows to form a lush lining inside of the uterus.
• GnRH, activin, and inhibin from granulosa cells cause rise in FSH levels (stimulates number of follicles)
• FSH rescues dominant ovarian follicle from apoptosis day 5-7
• Estrogen and FSH make primary follicle more sensitive to FSH
• Estrogen levels increase, FSH levels drop because of inhibin-B increase from dominant follicle
• Estrogen causes cells of endometrium to proliferate and stimulate LH production
• Surge in FSH and LH require for final follicular growth and ovulation
• Androgen enhances process of follicle atresia
[Show More]
