[eBook] [PDF] Foundations of College Chemistry, 15th Edition By Morris Hein, Susan Arena, Cary Willard

Document Content and Description Below

[eBook] [PDF] Foundations of College Chemistry, 15th Edition By Morris Hein, Susan Arena, Cary Willard Cover Periodic Table of the Elements Atomic Masses of the Elements Title Page Copyright Abo... ut the Author Contents Preface 1 An Introduction to Chemistry 1.1 The Nature of Chemistry Thinking Like a Chemist 1.2 A Scientific Approach to Problem Solving CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Egyptians, the First Medicinal Chemists The Scientific Method 1.3 The Particulate Nature of Matter Physical States of Matter 1.4 Classifying Matter Distinguishing Mixtures from Pure Substances Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 2 Standards for Measurement 2.1 Scientific Notation 2.2 Measurement and Uncertainty 2.3 Significant Figures Rounding Off Numbers 2.4 Significant Figures in Calculations Multiplication or Division Addition or Subtraction 2.5 The Metric System Measurement of Length Unit Conversions Measurement of Mass CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Keeping Track of Units Measurement of Volume 2.6 Dimensional Analysis: A Problem-Solving Method 2.7 Percent 2.8 Measurement of Temperature CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Setting Standards 2.9 Density Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 3 Elements and Compounds 3.1 Elements Natural States of the Elements Distribution of Elements Names of the Elements Symbols of the Elements CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Naming Elements 3.2 Introduction to the Periodic Table Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids Diatomic Elements CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Smartphone Elements 3.3 Compounds and Formulas Molecular and Ionic Compounds Writing Formulas of Compounds Composition of Compounds Review Review Questions, Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 4 Properties of Matter 4.1 Properties of Substances CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Making Money 4.2 Physical and Chemical Changes 4.3 Learning to Solve Problems 4.4 Energy Energy in Chemical Changes Conservation of Energy 4.5 Heat: Quantitative Measurement 4.6 Energy in the Real World CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Popping Popcorn Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 5 Early Atomic Theory and Structure 5.1 Dalton’s Model of the Atom 5.2 Electric Charge Discovery of Ions 5.3 Subatomic Parts of the Atom 5.4 The Nuclear Atom General Arrangement of Subatomic Particles Atomic Numbers of the Elements 5.5 Isotopes of the Elements CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Isotope Detectives 5.6 Atomic Mass Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 6 Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds 6.1 Common and Systematic Names 6.2 Elements and Ions CHEMISTRY IN ACTION What’s in a Name? 6.3 Writing Formulas from Names of Ionic Compounds 6.4 Naming Binary Compounds Binary Ionic Compounds Containing a Metal Forming Only One Type of Cation Binary Ionic Compounds Containing a Metal That Can Form Two or More Types of Cations Binary Compounds Containing Two Nonmetals 6.5 Naming Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions 6.6 Acids Binary Acids Naming Oxy-Acids Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercise Answers to Practice Exercises 7 Quantitative Composition of Compounds 7.1 The Mole 7.2 Molar Mass of Compounds 7.3 Percent Composition of Compounds Percent Composition from Formula CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Feeling the Molecular Heat? Percent Composition from Experimental Data 7.4 Calculating Empirical Formulas 7.5 Calculating the Molecular Formula from the Empirical Formula Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 8 Chemical Equations 8.1 The Chemical Equation Conservation of Mass 8.2 Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations Information in a Chemical Equation 8.3 Why Do Chemical Reactions Occur? 8.4 Types of Chemical Equations Synthesis (Combination) Reaction CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Co Poisoning—A Silent Killer Combustion Reaction Decomposition Reaction Single-Displacement Reaction Double-Displacement Reaction 8.5 Heat in Chemical Reactions 8.6 Climate Change: The Greenhouse Effect CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Decreasing Carbon Footprints Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercise Answers to Practice Exercises 9 Calculations from Chemical Equations 9.1 Introduction to Stoichiometry A Short Review 9.2 Mole–Mole Calculations 9.3 Mole–Mass Calculations 9.4 Mass–Mass Calculations 9.5 Limiting Reactant and Yield Calculations CHEMISTRY IN ACTION A Shrinking Technology Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 10 Modern Atomic Theory and the Periodic Table 10.1 Electromagnetic Radiation Electromagnetic Radiation CHEMISTRY IN ACTION You Light Up My Life 10.2 The Bohr Atom 10.3 Energy Levels of Electrons CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Atomic Clocks 10.4 Atomic Structures of the First 18 Elements 10.5 Electron Structures and the Periodic Table CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Collecting the Elements Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 11 Chemical Bonds: The Formation of Compounds from Atoms 11.1 Periodic Trends in Atomic Properties Metals and Nonmetals Atomic Radius Ionization Energy 11.2 Lewis Structures of Atoms 11.3 The Ionic Bond: Transfer of Electrons from One Atom to Another 11.4 Predicting Formulas of Ionic Compounds 11.5 The Covalent Bond: Sharing Electrons 11.6 Electronegativity CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Trans-forming Fats 11.7 Lewis Structures of Compounds CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Strong Enough to Stop a Bullet? 11.8 Complex Lewis Structures 11.9 Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions 11.10 Molecular Shape The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Model Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 12 The Gaseous State of Matter 12.1 Properties of Gases Measuring the Pressure of a Gas Pressure Dependence on the Number of Molecules and the Temperature CHEMISTRY IN ACTION What the Nose Knows 12.2 Boyle’s Law 12.3 Charles’ Law 12.4 Avogadro’s Law 12.5 Combined Gas Laws Mole–Mass–Volume Relationships of Gases 12.6 Ideal Gas Law The Kinetic-Molecular Theory Real Gases CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Air Quality 12.7 Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures 12.8 Density of Gases 12.9 Gas Stoichiometry Mole–Volume and Mass–Volume Calculations Volume–Volume Calculations Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 13 Liquids 13.1 States of Matter: A Review 13.2 Properties of Liquids Surface Tension Evaporation Vapor Pressure 13.3 Boiling Point and Melting Point CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Chemical Eye Candy 13.4 Changes of State 13.5 Intermolecular Forces Dipole–Dipole Attractions The Hydrogen Bond CHEMISTRY IN ACTION How Sweet It Is! London Dispersion Forces 13.6 Hydrates 13.7 Water, a Unique Liquid Physical Properties of Water CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Reverse Osmosis? Structure of the Water Molecule Sources of Water for a Thirsty World Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 14 Solutions 14.1 General Properties of Solutions 14.2 Solubility The Nature of the Solute and Solvent The Effect of Temperature on Solubility The Effect of Pressure on Solubility Saturated, Unsaturated, and Supersaturated Solutions 14.3 Rate of Dissolving Solids 14.4 Concentration of Solutions Dilute and Concentrated Solutions Mass Percent Solution Mass/Volume Percent (m/v) Volume Percent Molarity Dilution Problems 14.5 Colligative Properties of Solutions 14.6 Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure CHEMISTRY IN ACTION The Scoop on Ice Cream Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 15 Acids, Bases, and Salts 15.1 Acids and Bases CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Drug Delivery: An Acid–Base Problem Acid Reactions Base Reactions 15.2 Salts CHEMISTRY IN ACTION A Cool Fizz 15.3 Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes Dissociation and Ionization of Electrolytes Strong and Weak Electrolytes Ionization of Water 15.4 Introduction to pH 15.5 Neutralization 15.6 Writing Net Ionic Equations CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Ocean Corals Threatened by Increasing Atmospheric CO2 Levels Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 16 Chemical Equilibrium 16.1 Rates of Reaction 16.2 Chemical Equilibrium Reversible Reactions 16.3 Le Châtelier’s Principle Effect of Concentration on Equilibrium CHEMISTRY IN ACTION New Ways in Fighting Cavities and Avoiding the Drill Effect of Volume on Equilibrium Effect of Temperature on Equilibrium Effect of Catalysts on Equilibrium 16.4 Equilibrium Constants 16.5 Ion Product Constant for Water 16.6 Ionization Constants 16.7 Solubility Product Constant 16.8 Buffer Solutions: The Control of pH CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in the Blood Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 17 Oxidation–Reduction 17.1 Oxidation Number Oxidation–Reduction 17.2 Balancing Oxidation–Reduction Equations 17.3 Balancing Ionic Redox Equations 17.4 Activity Series of Metals 17.5 Electrolytic and Voltaic Cells Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 18 Nuclear Chemistry 18.1 Discovery of Radioactivity Natural Radioactivity 18.2 Alpha Particles, Beta Particles, and Gamma Rays Alpha Particles Beta Particles Gamma Rays 18.3 Radioactive Disintegration Series Transmutation of Elements Artificial Radioactivity Transuranium Elements 18.4 Measurement of Radioactivity 18.5 Nuclear energy Nuclear Fission CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Does Your Food Glow in the Dark? Nuclear Power The Atomic Bomb Nuclear Fusion 18.6 Mass–Energy Relationship in Nuclear Reactions 18.7 Biological Effects of Radiation Acute Radiation Damage Long-Term Radiation Damage Genetic Effects CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Window into Living Organisms Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Challenge Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 19 Introduction to Organic Chemistry (online only) 19.1 The Beginnings of Organic Chemistry 19.2 Why Carbon? Hydrocarbons 19.3 Alkanes Structural Formulas and Isomerism Naming Alkanes 19.4 Alkenes and Alkynes Naming Alkenes and Alkynes Reactions of Alkenes Addition 19.5 Aromatic Hydrocarbons Naming Aromatic Compounds Monosubstituted Benzenes Disubstituted Benzenes Tri- and Polysubstituted Benzenes 19.6 Hydrocarbon Derivatives Alkyl Halides 19.7 Alcohols Methanol Ethanol Naming Alcohols 19.8 Ethers Naming Ethers 19.9 Aldehydes and Ketones Naming Aldehydes Naming Ketones 19.10 Carboxylic Acids 19.11 Esters CHEMISTRY IN ACTION Getting Clothes CO2 Clean! 19.12 Polymers—Macromolecules Review Review Questions Paired Exercises, Additional Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises 20 Introduction to Biochemistry (online only) 20.1 Chemistry in Living Organisms 20.2 Carbohydrates Monosaccharides Disaccharides Polysaccharides 20.3 Lipids 20.4 Amino Acids and Proteins CHEMISTRY IN ACTION The Taste of Umami 20.5 Enzymes 20.6 Nucleic Acids, DNA, and Genetics DNA and Genetics Review Review Questions and Exercises Answers to Practice Exercises APPENDICES 1 Mathematical and Review 2 Units of Measurement 3 Vapor Pressure of Water at Various Temperatures 4 Solubility Table 5 Answers to Selected Exercises GLOSSARY INDEX Names, Formulas, and Charges of Common Ions EULA [Show More]

Last updated: 5 months ago

Preview 15 out of 587 pages