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GENETICS MIDTERM #1 STUDY GUIDE

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GENETICS MIDTERM #1 STUDY GUIDE Claire steven Major individuals talked about in class: Sir France Galton (1822-1911) - The father of Statistical Genetics - Two major publications: Heredit ... ary talent & character (1865) and Hereditary Genus (1869) - Used the biometric approach & compared differences between individuals of known degree of relationships to determine genetic basis. - Eugenics – “Science” of improving the human race. Both positive and negative eugenics were proposed. Meant “well-born” - Galton believed all human traits, including behavior are solely determined by genes with little contribution from the environment. - Just like Mendel, Galton experimented with peas but Mendel’s work was unknown at the time. Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) – The father of Modern Genetics. Experimented in plant hybridization. - Used the single gene approach which meant it defined laws of segregation, and independent assortment  concept of a gene. - Graduated from University of Vienna - Mendel’s Laws of Hereditary: • Law of Uniformity – After crossing two homozygotes of different alleles, all progeny of the first generation are identical and heterozygous. • Law of Segregation – The two alleles at a single locus are never found in the same gamete but segregate and pass to different gametes. • Law of Independence – Each pair of alleles acts independently during segregation into the gametes. Lysenko - Lysenko: Scientist in Soviet Russia. Believed in Michurinism. Said the seeds that were exposed to Vernalization, would then pass on the advantage to a later generation. Without the f1 generation being exposed to vernalization. This was false. Garrod – Father of Medical Genetics. Either a person has alkaptonuria or not. There are no transitory forms. The abnormality is congenital. Observed in sibs and not in parents. Parents were frequently first cousins. Inborn errors of metabolism exist. (First recorded publishing about a recessive inheritance disorder). DeVires - Rediscovery of Mendel’s laws, but was unaware of Mendel’s work. This reintroduced Mendel's work in the early 1900's. DNARNAProtein – Genetic Information is Linear [Show More]

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