A patient in early labor says to the nurse, “I will pass on protection from diseases, and the baby
will not ever need any shots.” What is the best response by the nurse?
a. “Babies are born with innate (natural) immuni
...
A patient in early labor says to the nurse, “I will pass on protection from diseases, and the baby
will not ever need any shots.” What is the best response by the nurse?
a. “Babies are born with innate (natural) immunity at birth.”
b. “Babies are born with immunoglobulin E (IgE), an antibody that crosses the placenta, but it only
briefly protects the baby.”
c. “Yes, immediate antibody immunity from the mother is the first line of defense against disease for
babies.”
d. “Yes, the mother passes on cell-mediated immunity.”
ANS: B
Infants acquire antibodies from the mother, but they only last a few months.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 169-170 OBJ: 2 | 4
TOP: Newborn Immunity KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
2. A school nurse starts a clean-up campaign at a local elementary school in an effort to combat
allergens. What is the most common allergic response disorder?
a. Anaphylaxis
b. Asthma
c. Contact dermatitis
d. Urticaria
ANS: B
Fungi are principle allergens that can trigger respiratory allergic responses such as asthma.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 186-187 OBJ: 18
TOP: Reduction of Allergens KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
3. A nurse is discussing the body’s first and second lines of defense against infection with a
community group. What does the body’s first line of defense include?
a. Teeth
b. Sweat
c. White blood cells
d. T lymphocytes
ANS: B
The sweat glands excrete an antimicrobial enzyme.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 168 OBJ: 1
TOP: Lines of Defense KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation4. A nurse explains that a medication given to a patient with a severe inflammatory response mimics
a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex. To what hormone is the nurse referring?
a. Aldosterone
b. Testosterone
c. Histamine
d. Cortisol
ANS: D
Cortisol slows the release of antihistamine and stabilizes lysosomal membranes.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 170 OBJ: 5
TOP: Antiinflammatory Agents KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
5. With the exposure to an antigen, a nurse explains that the initiator of the inflammatory response is
the presence of histamine. What is responsible for releasing histamine?
a. Neutrophils
b. Eosinophils
c. Basophils
d. Monocytes
ANS: C
Basophils release histamine.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 168 OBJ: 5
TOP: Inflammatory Response KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
6. A nurse is bathing a patient who is immunodeficient and has a Cryptococcus infestation. What is
the classification of this organism?
a. Bacterium
b. Virus
c. Fungus
d. Protozoa
ANS: C
Cryptococcus fungal infections can be life threatening.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 173 OBJ: 9
TOP: Fungi KEY: Nursing Process Step: Knowledge
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort
7. A mosquito or a fly carries an organism that infects another living organism. What is this mode of
transmission of infection?
a. Common vehicle
b. Direct excretion
c. Ingestion
d. Vector
ANS: D
Vector-borne diseases are carried from one host to another. Part of the life cycle of the pathogen
occurs in the body of the fly, mosquito, or tick.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 174 OBJ: 10
TOP: Vector Transmission KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A8. What is the most effective method to control the spread of communicable disease?
a. Isolate the infected person from all contact with noninfected persons.
b. Vigorously petition the community health department to increase spraying.
c. Administer prophylactic antibiotics to the rest of the family.
d. Demonstrate and monitor a return demonstration of a good hand washing technique by the family.
ANS: D
Good hand washing is the cornerstone of infection control.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 176 OBJ: 10
TOP: Prevention of the Spread of Infection
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
9. An air conditioner duct cleaning is recommended by a home health nurse. What should this
precaution prevent the spread of in the patient’s home?
a. Bacteria
b. Viruses
c. Fungi
d. Protozoa
ANS: C
Air blowing into a room may be the mode of transfer of fungi spores that have remained dormant in
the duct during nonuse.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 177 OBJ: 10
TOP: Infectious Disease Transmission in the Home
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
10. A school nurse cautions a group of parents about children playing barefoot on dirt. To what
infectious agents can this action expose the children?
a. Helminthes
b. Protozoa
c. Rickettsiae
d. Mycoplasmas
ANS: A
Worms in the dirt seek entry through the foot skin and into the blood circulation, where they are
carried to the lungs; coughed up into the mouth; and swallowed into the gastrointestinal tract, where
they cause serious infections. Barefooted children who do not have proper hygiene are at risk for
these worm infections.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 174 OBJ: 10
TOP: Helminth Transmission KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease
[Show More]
.png)
