HESI Med SURG Practice EXAM-with verified answers-2022

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Questions □ The nurse is assessing a client's laboratory values following administration of chemotherapy. Which lab value leads the nurse to suspect that the client is experiencing tumor lysis syn... drome (TLS)? A Serum PTT of 10 seconds. B Serum calcium of 5 mg/dl. Correct C Oxygen saturation of 90%. D Hemoglobin of 10 g/dl. □ TLS results in hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperphosphatemia. A serum calcium level of 5 (B), which is low, is an indicator of possible tumor lysis syndrome. (A, C, and D) are not particularly related to TLS. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points. □ 2.ID: 6974889585A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of severe acute diverticulitis. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect this client to exhibit? A Lower left quadrant pain and a low-grade fever. Correct B Severe pain at McBurney's point and nausea. C Abdominal pain and intermittent tenesmus. D Exacerbations of severe diarrhea. □ Left lower quadrant pain occurs with diverticulitis because the sigmoid colon is the most common area for diverticula, and the inflammation of diverticula causes a low- grade fever (A). (B) would be indicative of appendicitis. (C and D) are symptoms exhibited with ulcerative colitis. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points. □ 3.ID: 6974891763During CPR, when attempting to ventilate a client's lungs, the nurse notes that the chest is not moving. What action should the nurse take first? A Use a laryngoscope to check for a foreign body lodged in the esophagus. B Reposition the head to validate that the head is in the proper position to open the airway. Correct C Turn the client to the side and administer three back blows. D Perform a finger sweep of the mouth to remove any vomitus. □ The most frequent cause of inadequate aeration of the client's lungs during CPR is improper positioning of the head resulting in occlusion of the airway (B). A foreign body can occlude the airway, but this is not common unless choking preceded the cardiac emergency, and (A, C and D) should not be the nurse's first action. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points. □ 4.ID: 6974891794A client is admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia. The nurse knows that the prognosis for gram-negative pneumonias (such as E. coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, and Proteus) is very poor because A they occur in the lower lobe alveoli which are more sensitive to infection. B gram-negative organisms are more resistant to antibiotic therapy. Correct C they occur in healthy young adults who have recently been debilitated by an upper respiratory infection. D gram-negative pneumonias usually affect infants and small children. □ The gram-negative organisms CONTINUED...... [Show More]

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