NR 511 / NR511 FINAL EXAM 1

NR 511 / NR511 FINAL EXAM 1 The effectveness of benzodiazepines in treatng anxiety disorders suggests that which of the following neurotransmiters plays a role in anxiety? Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) The criteria f ...

NR 511 / NR511 FINAL EXAM 1 The effectveness of benzodiazepines in treatng anxiety disorders suggests that which of the following neurotransmiters plays a role in anxiety? Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) The criteria for diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder in the American Psychiatric Associatons Diagnostc and Statstcal Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th editon (text revision) state that excessive worry or apprehension must be present more days than not for at least? 6 months A 20-year-old woman is seen in the clinic because her boyfriend was found to have gonorrhea. Which of the following is the treatment of choice for gonorrhea? a. Cefriaxone b. Doxycycline c. Acyclovir d. Metronidazole Cefriaxone A patent is seen in the clinic with a chief complaint of hematuria. To make a differental diagnosis, which of the following questons should be asked? a. "Do you have a history of liver disease?" b. "What medicatons are you currently taking?" c. "Have you notced swelling in your ankles?" d. All of the above "What medicatons are you currently taking" A patent is seen in the clinic with hematuria confrmed on microscopic examinaton. The clinician should inquire about the ingeston of which of these substances that might be the cause of hematuria? a. NSAIDs b. Beets c. Vitamin A d. Red meat NSAIDS A 27-year-old female presents with a chief complaint of burning and pain on urinaton. She has no previous history of urinary tract infecton (UTI). What are some additonal symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of lower UTI? a. Back and abdominal pain b. Fever, chills, costovertebral angle (CVA) tendernessc. Blood in urine and frequency d. Foul-smelling discharge, perineal itch Blood in urine ad frequency A 30-year-old patent presents with pain on urinaton. The urine microscopy of unspun urine shows greater than 10 leukocytes/mL, and a dipstck is positve for nitrites. What is the probable diagnosis? a. Lower urinary tract infecton b. Chlamydia infecton c. Candidiasis d. Pyelonephrits Lower urinary tract infecton A patent presents with CVA tenderness and a several-day history of high fever, chills, and dysuria. Which of the following diagnoses is most likely given the above informaton? a. Pyelonephrits b. Cystts c. Renal calculi d. Bladder tumor Pyelonephrits A patent is diagnosed with urge incontnence. Before prescribing Detrol XL, the provider should queston the patent about which of these contraindicatons to this medicaton? a. Diarrhea b. Parkinson's disease c. Closed-angle glaucoma d. Breast cancer Closed-angle glaucoma A patent is seen in the ofce complaining of severe flank pain. The clinician should assess this patent for which risk factor for kidney stones? a. Hypertension b. Constpaton c. Tubal ligaton d. Diabetes Hypertension A patent is diagnosed with overactve bladder. Which of the following instructons should be given to this woman? a. "Limit the amount of water that you drink." b. "Eliminate caffeine from your diet." c. "Wear panty liners." d. All of the above Eliminate caffeine from your dietA 34-year-old patent was treated for a UTI and has not responded to antbiotc therapy. Which of the following actons should be taken next? a. Send a urine specimen for microscopy and evaluate for fungal colonies. b. Increase the dose of antbiotc. c. Order a cytoscopy. d. Order a different antbiotc. Send a urine specimen for microscopy and evaluate for fungal colonies Which of the following are predisposing factors for pyelonephrits? a. Pregnancy b. Dehydraton c. Smoking d. Alkaline urine Pregnancy A 42-year-old woman is seen in the clinic with fever, chills, vomitng, and severe dysuria. She is diagnosed with acute pyelonephrits. How should this patent be managed? a. 3-day course of oral antbiotcs b. Hospitalizaton c. Encourage cranberry juice intake. d. 6-week course of antbiotcs Hospitalizaton Oral antbiotcs may be prescribed in mild cases of acute pyelonephrits, characterized by the absence of nausea and vomitng or signs of sepsis. First-line therapy includes ciprofloxacin (Cipro) 500 mg two tmes daily for 7 days, or ciprofloxacin extended-release (Cipro XR) 1,000 mg daily for 7 days, or levofloxacin (Levaquin) 750 mg daily for 5 days. Hospitalizaton may be indicated, depending on the patent's ability to maintain adequate fluid intake and to tolerate oral antbiotcs, along with the severity of the symptoms and evidence of bacteremia. Hospitalizaton of patents who are pregnant, vomitng, or dehydrated should be strongly considered. Likewise, the patent's degree of systemic illness (bacteremia or urosepsis), age, history of chronic disease, or nonadherence to therapy may lead to the assessment that hospitalizaton is necessary. Ninety- fve percent of patents demonstrate a good response within 48 hours to IV antbiotc treatment and may be discharged on appropriate oral medicaton, once urine culture and antbiotc sensitvity results are available and subsequent antmicrobial therapy may be narrowed in spectrum. A patent is seen with a sudden onset of flank pain accompanied by nausea, vomitng, and diaphoresis. In additon to nephrolithiasis, which of the following should be added to the list of differental diagnoses? a. Pancreatts b. Peptc ulcer diseasec. Divertculits d. All of the above All of the above