Chemistry final 2022 (May edition)

a metal and a non-metal make an - ANSWER ionic bond a molecule does not have to be a compound - ANSWER true a non-bonding pair of electrons can serve as a region of electron density - ANSWER true acid base react ...

a metal and a non-metal make an - ANSWER ionic bond a molecule does not have to be a compound - ANSWER true a non-bonding pair of electrons can serve as a region of electron density - ANSWER true acid base reaction - ANSWER has water as a product Aluminum and chlorine react to form - ANSWER AlCl3 aluminum phosphate - ANSWER AlPO4 ammonium floride - ANSWER NH4F atomic quantum theroy - ANSWER complete description of bonds and the molecular shapes they produce atomic radius - ANSWER the distance from the center of an atom's nucleus to its outermost electron atomic radius trend - ANSWER increases down and to the left bond that forms when orbitals overlap - ANSWER sigma bond bond that froms when orbitals are side to side - ANSWER pi bond chemical formula of aluminum phosphate - ANSWER ALPO4 chemical formula of sodium iodide - ANSWER NAL chemical reaction - ANSWER A change in which one or more substances are converted into new substances. combustion reaction - ANSWER includes H2, O2, or Co2 correct - ANSWER some atoms can exsist in nature as single atoms covalent bonds - ANSWER Bonds created by sharing electrons with other atoms. covalent bonds form between any two atoms - ANSWER false covalent bonds form both molceules and compounds - ANSWER true decomposition reaction - ANSWER AB --> A + B diatomic molecules are always nonpolar - ANSWER true double replacement - ANSWER AB + CD = AD + CB electron affinity - ANSWER the amount of energy required to add an electron to a neutral atom to form an negative ion electron sea theroy - ANSWER Metals are an extensive crystal lattice of metal cations surrounded and submerged in a "sea" of mobile electrons Electronegitivity - ANSWER the measure of the attraction between the nucleus and the valance electrons electronegitivity trend - ANSWER increases up and to the right electronegitvity is the attraction between the nucleus and valance election - ANSWER true four types of electron conditions - ANSWER non-bonded, single, double, triple bonded greek prefix for 7, 8, 9, 10 - ANSWER hepta, octa, nona, deca greek prefix for four, five, six - ANSWER tetra, penta, hexa greek prefix for one, two three - ANSWER mono, di, tri Halogens are extremely reactive non-metals - ANSWER true how do bonds form - ANSWER Transferring/sharing of valence electrons hydrogen bromide - ANSWER HBr Inventor of Periodic Table - ANSWER Dmitri Mendeleev ionic bonds - ANSWER bonds that form between ions of opposite charge that attract ionization energy - ANSWER the minimum amount of energy required to remove the first electron from the valance shell ionization energy trends - ANSWER left to right, bottom to top Law of Mass Conservation - ANSWER Matter cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms. lewis structures - ANSWER diagrams that show the bonds between different atoms lewis structures can be shown in 3D - ANSWER false metalic bonds - ANSWER bonds between metallic atoms sharing lossley held electrons Metaloids - ANSWER elements with properties that fall between those of metals and nonmetals metals - ANSWER Elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat. molar mass of carbon - ANSWER 12.01 g/mol molar mass of NACL - ANSWER 58.44 g/mol molecular orbital theroy - ANSWER states that the orbitals of molecules atoms are replaced by totally new orbitals when molecules form negative ion - ANSWER anion no you can't - ANSWER Can you form an ionic compound with three elements noble gases are more reactive than halogens - ANSWER false non-metals - ANSWER elements that are poor conductors of heat and electricity non-metals are good insulators - ANSWER true non-polar molecule - ANSWER symetrical, same electronegitivities nope - ANSWER ionic bonds can form both compounds and molecules not right - ANSWER hydrogen is the center of a polyotomic bond not true - ANSWER a compound does have to be a molecule octet rule - ANSWER States that atoms lose, gain or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of eight valence electrons One mole of water contains ___ of hydrogen atoms and ____ of oxygen atoms - ANSWER 2, 1 oxidation number of alkali metals - ANSWER +1 oxidation number of Hg3 (PO4)2 - ANSWER +2 oxidation number of O2 - ANSWER 0 oxidation number of p in ca3 p2 - ANSWER +2 oxidation number of tin selenide - ANSWER +3 oxidation numbers - ANSWER Shows how many electrons can be shared, lost or gained to become stable p2 o5 - ANSWER diphosphorus pentoxide polar bonds always make polar molecules - ANSWER false polar molecules - ANSWER assymatriacal, have diffrent electronegitivities polarity - ANSWER the tendency of an object to form two localized regions of opposite character polarity does - ANSWER As en increases, what property of compounds does too? polyatomic ion - ANSWER A charged group of covalently bonded atoms polyatomic ions can only have one oxidation number - ANSWER false postive ion - ANSWER cation potassium cyanide - ANSWER KCN precipitate - ANSWER A solid that forms from a solution during a chemical reaction. right - ANSWER metal atoms neither swap or share electrons while bonded signs of chemical reactions - ANSWER release of heat or light, formation of a gas, color change, formation of a precipitate Single Replacement - ANSWER A + BC --> B + AC stronger bond, sigma or pi? - ANSWER sigma synthesis reaction - ANSWER A+B-->AB the disticnt shapes predicted by the VSPER theroy are based on attraction of electrons for each other - ANSWER false the shape and arragment of the periodic table reflects the structure of the atoms composing the elemenets - ANSWER true three atom molecules must always have bent molecular geometry - ANSWER false three questions anwsered in chemical reactions - ANSWER what substances reacted, what susbtances were produced, how much of each substance was involved/produced true - ANSWER the primary factor of determening what type of bond will form between form between two or more atom is the change in electronegitivity two metals make a - ANSWER metalic bond two non-metals make a - ANSWER covalent bond untrue - ANSWER every atom will bond with other atoms to form 8 valence electrons valance bond theory - ANSWER Bonds are formed when orbitals on atoms overlap VSPER - ANSWER Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion VSPER theroy states - ANSWER the repulsion between electron pairs causes molecular shapes to adjust so that the valence-electron pairs stay as far apart as possible what determines atomic radius? - ANSWER number of rings, protons, valance electrons Where does bonding occur? - ANSWER valence shell Why are the valance electrons important? - ANSWER most likley to be part of a bond, responsible for an elements physical properties wrong - ANSWER a bond between two atoms can be 100 percent ionic yes - ANSWER a bond between two atoms can be 100 percent covalent yes you can - ANSWER Can you form an ion with three elements