Otitis media - ANSWER #1 diagnosis is among healthcare providers caring for children
-By the age of 3, 2/3 of all children will have had an OM: ½ will have >3 occurrences
OM is most common in - ANSWER boys, first bo
...
Otitis media - ANSWER #1 diagnosis is among healthcare providers caring for children
-By the age of 3, 2/3 of all children will have had an OM: ½ will have >3 occurrences
OM is most common in - ANSWER boys, first born, winter months, bottle fed babies, preemies, daycare children, children of smokers
Reason for OM - ANSWER ■ Eustachian tube is shorter. By the ages 7-12 the eustachian tube resembles that of an adult
■ Adenoids can be enlarged. If the adenoid that is enlarged d/t smaller nasal canals & respiratory tract, that can easily block the eustachian tube & not allow for drainage
Common bacterial causes for OM? - ANSWER ● S. pneumoniae: most common
● H. influenzae: child presents with conjunctivitis with OM, treat with Augmentin and topical antibiotic for conjunctivitis
● M. catarrhalis
Symptoms of OM? - ANSWER ■ Fever, pain, discharge from the ear, tugging or batting at the ear, irritability, crying, lethargy, decreased appetite, decreased sleep, recent URI
Clinical Signs of OM? - ANSWER ■ Red, bulging TM, retracted with pus, decreased translucency of TM, no movement of the TM, inability to see normal landmarks, occasionally: hole in the TM
Diagnosis of OM requirements? - ANSWER ■ History of acute onset
■ Identify presence of middle ear effusion: bulging TM, decreased or absent mobility of TM, amber fluid or appearance of TM, otorrhea
■ Identify signs of middle ear inflammation: erythematous TM, otalgia (which interferes with function/sleep)
Tx of OM? ages:
>6m
6m-2yrs
>2yrs - ANSWER <6m: abx if certain or not
6-12m: abx if : fever >102, bilateral infection, severe otalgia, longer than 7 days (observe if not severe)
>2 yrs: abx if severe ^ observe if not
Symptoms relief for OM? (non-abx) - ANSWER ● Acetaminophen or ibuprofen: mild to moderate pain
● Benzocaine (Auralgan, Amerciaine otic): mild to moderate pain
● Warm compress
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