Nursing 300 Exam 4 HIV/AIDS 2022
High mutation rate, replicates prolifically - What makes HIV so dangerous?
CD4 and CCR5 protein receptors on T cells - What types of protein receptors does
the HIV virus target?
Viru
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Nursing 300 Exam 4 HIV/AIDS 2022
High mutation rate, replicates prolifically - What makes HIV so dangerous?
CD4 and CCR5 protein receptors on T cells - What types of protein receptors does
the HIV virus target?
Virus binds to receptors on cell surface, fuses with the cell mb, enters the cell,
makes a DNA copy of its own RNA, which is inserted into the cell's DNA by HIV
integrase, HIV protease releases viral particles that attack, replicate, and release
more virus - What is the pathophysiology of HIV?
For life - How long does the HIV virus stay in the body?
Viral proliferation causes infected cells to shed virus particles - How does the virus
present in body fluids and blood?
Anti-HIV antibody; just a marker, no protection - What lab value can be used to
diagnose HIV? Does it have any functional purpose?
Progressive destruction of T cells (WBCs) - Why does HIV cause compromised cellmediated immunity?
Opportunistic infections, neoplasms - What are HIV patients susceptible to because
of their compromised immune system?
Rapid replication, no detectable symptoms or lab values, but still infectious - What
occurs during the early infection clinical phase?
Antibodies now detectable, flu-like symptoms for 1-4 weeks, especially high levels in
genital fluids at this time - What occurs during the seroconversion clinical phase?
3 weeks to 6 months (very big window) - How long after initial infection does it take
for anti-HIV antibodies in the blood?
HIV + AIDS-defining illness OR HIV + CD4 <200 - How is AIDS diagnosed?
Fungal (candidiasis, pneumocystis), viral (herpes simplex, CMV), protozoal (-
plasmosis), bacterial (TB, pneumonia, salmonella), cancerous (-omas), other
(wasting syndrome, encephalopathy, AIDS dementia complex) - What are the 5
categories of AIDS-defining illnesses and examples of each?
Oral assessment - What part of the physical assessment is especially important in
patients with HIV/AIDS?
CD4 decreases, immune system compromised, mouth susceptible to infection - Why
is the mouth susceptible to infection in HIV/AIDS patients? Continues ...
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