Advanced Patho exam 3 practice
Questions And Answers
Myocardial contraction is highly dependent upon the intracellular concentration of
which ion? - Answer- Calcium
Myocardial contraction is highly dependent upon t
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Advanced Patho exam 3 practice
Questions And Answers
Myocardial contraction is highly dependent upon the intracellular concentration of
which ion? - Answer- Calcium
Myocardial contraction is highly dependent upon the intracellular concentration of
calcium. The greater the amount of intracellular calcium, the greater the contraction
A 74-year-old female presents to the emergency department after having a syncopal
episode. On examination the patient is noted to have a systolic murmur at the
second intercostal space, right of the sternal border which radiates to the neck.
Which of the following is the most likely cause of the syncope? - Answer- Aortic
Stenosis
Aortic stenosis is more common in females and the elderly. An aortic stenosis
causes a decrease in cerebral perfusion which may result in syncope.
What are the clinical manifestations of Mitral Regurgitation? - Answer- Systolic
murmurs which radiate to the axilla originate from the mitral valve. A valve which has
regurgitation allows some blood to flow back through the valve during the cardiac
cycle.
At which age, after birth, is pulmonary resistance equal to that of an adult? - Answer8 weeks
Which patient is at the most risk for developing heart failure? - Answer- A 45-yearold male with a history of uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes, and CAD.
An 84-year-old female patient with a history of severe aortic stenosis is going to
surgery tomorrow for a repair of a right hip fracture. Which of the following
complications is the patient most likely to have post-operatively? - AnswerPulmonary edema
Aortic Stenosis - Answer- Aortic stenosis is a narrowing of the aortic valve. Blood
from the left ventricle passes through the aortic valve into the aorta to perfuse the
body. The more severe the narrowing of the aortic valve, the less blood moves
through the valve to perfuse the body. As a result blood backs up in the left ventricle
and over time causes left ventricular hypertrophy. The backup of blood will also
eventually cause left atrial hypertrophy, left-sided heart failure, pulmonary HTN, right
ventricular hypertrophy and right-sided heart failure.
A patient presents to the emergency department with shortness of breath. An
echocardiogram shows a restrictive filling pattern of the left ventricle. Which of the
following diagnoses is correct? - Answer- Diastolic Heart Failure
A dilated ventricle is visible on an echocardiogram in..... - Answer- dilated
cardiomyopathy
A 56-year-old male presents to the ED with a complaint of chest pain. He has no
prior medical history. One exam he has a holosystolic murmur with an S3 heart
sound. Troponin levels are elevated. Which pathological condition best explains the
clinical manifestations? - Answer- Papillary muscle rupture secondary to cardiac
infarction.
Which set of clinical manifestations are consistent with right sided heart failure? -
Answer- Jugular Vein Distention, Peripheral Edema and Right Atrial Hypertrophy
Which set of clinical manifestations are consistent with left sided heart failure? -
Answer- Pulmonary edema, hypoxia and a MAP of 70mmHg are more consistent
with left sided systolic heart failure.
Which set of clinical manifestations are consistent with right diastolic heart failure of
the left ventricle? - Answer- An EF of 50% and a restrictive filling pattern is
consistent with diastolic heart failure of the left ventricle.....
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