HISTORY 101US History 2 milestone 1. Q&A Plus Concepts

22 questions were answered correctly. 2 questions were answered incorrectly. 1 One significant aspect of the election of 1896, exemplified by William Jennings Bryan's campaign, was: • The distribution of campaign fl ...

22 questions were answered correctly. 2 questions were answered incorrectly. 1 One significant aspect of the election of 1896, exemplified by William Jennings Bryan's campaign, was: • The distribution of campaign flyers • Supporters being received in his home • The acceptance of corporate contributions • Large crowds hearing his speeches CONCEPT The Election of 1896 2 Which of these is an example of a secondary source for historical research on President Theodore Roosevelt? • A political cartoon from the 1900s about Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policies • A photograph of Theodore Roosevelt fighting in the Spanish-American War • A biography of Theodore Roosevelt • Government voting records from the 1900 election CONCEPT Analyzing Primary Sources 3 Read the newspaper excerpt from The Indianapolis Journal quoting Jay Gould about the 1886 railroad strike. "There is no room for a compromise, for the strikers have confessed, in effect, that they have no grievances against our company. I am bound to fight this question to the bitter end for this very reason. The position is a simple one; if we had interfered with the management of the Texas Pacific we should have been in contempt of the United States Court which has charge of that road. The men on our own lines have made no complaint against us, but by striking try to enforce the demands of workmen on another road not under our control. There can be no compromise of such a strike. I have asked the opinion of Judge Dillon as to our legal rights under such circumstances, and his decision is that it is our duty, not alone our right, to prevent the interruption of the business of the road by all legal means." Jay Gould's comments most likely represent what group's perspective? • Business leaders • Labor organizers • Police officers • Union workers CONCEPT Labor Conflict in the Gilded Age 4 Choose the most accurate statement about the nature of politics in the Gilded Age. • Presidents owed their elections to the votes of ordinary citizens rather than to partisan allies. • The federal government demonetized silver, which was unpopular with corporate leaders. • The federal government often intervened in the lives of ordinary citizens during the Gilded Age. • Candidates and officials exchanged favors with political machines for votes. CONCEPT Gilded Age Politics 5 Choose the true statement about the nature of the rural economy in the late 19th century. • Strong farmers unions won court cases to regulate interstate commerce to farmers' benefit. • Many Southern landowners sold their lands to poor white and black farmers at reduced prices so they could establish their own livelihoods. • Lenders and farmers used the crop-lien system to subsidize the cost of running a farm. • Industrialization led to the development of steel plows and other tools that increased both the supply of wheat and its market price. CONCEPT Rural America in the Late 19th Century 6 By the late 1800s, some settlers’ dreams of the West were not matched by the realities. Choose the statement that describes one of these “realities.” • “The establishment of bonanza farms offers opportunities to work the land for a wage.” • “I will succeed as a hard-working individual because I will have the freedom to do as I wish.” • “It is my destiny as a white American to claim and tame this rugged landscape.” • “I will be self-sufficient because all I need is the land to profit from my own labor.” CONCEPT Homesteading 7 Choose the factor that was most likely an effect of rapid industrialization in the United States during the late 19th century. • Increased reliance on local shops and markets • Rapid growth of the interstate highway system • Improvements in communication such as the telephone • Local safety regulations on tenement housing CONCEPT Growth of the City 8 What was the philosophy behind the Social Gospel? • Religious leaders, as well as ordinary Americans, must work together to support individuals from all class backgrounds. • It is vitally important that the conditions of the working poor living in slums and tenements be documented and shared. • Those who give themselves over to God and agree to help themselves deserve assistance from the church. • Help the working class, particularly women with children, with health care and education. CONCEPT Growth of the City 9 Kino, an experienced historian, is very interested in the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. As a historian, he is aware of possible influences on his interpretation of events. Which factor should be allowed to influence his interpretation? • His personal bias toward Japanese Americans • The lenses he wants to apply • The sensitivities of others • The language he uses CONCEPT The Historian's Practice 10 Choose the true statement about the Knights of Labor. • It called for equal pay and the elimination of convict labor. • It required members to understand spoken English. • It was founded in Huntsville, Alabama. • It originated in 1866 as a society of shoemakers. CONCEPT Working Class Life and Labor Unions in the Gilded Age 11 "The telegraph profoundly changed businesses and governments by making rapid, long-distance communication possible." A historian would most likely make this statement if they were analyzing this image through what historical lens? • Class • Gender • Law • Science CONCEPT The Lenses of History 12 Choose the statement that best characterizes the "New South" rather than the "Old South." • Manual labor was provided by slaves for the profit of their owners. • Segregation and Jim Crow laws were supported by Supreme Court decisions. • Black and white farmers joined forces to buy small plots of land. • State legislatures raised property taxes on wealthy landowners. CONCEPT Race in the New South 13 What was the effect of the Supreme Court decision in the Civil Rights Cases? • It determined the Civil Rights Act of 1875 was unconstitutional and unenforceable for private businesses. • It narrowed the 14th Amendment by arguing the obligation to enforce it lay with the states, not the federal government. • It affirmed that federal rights differed from state rights and states could discriminate according to their own laws. • It confirmed the policy of “separate but equal” in the public sphere. CONCEPT Race in the New South 14 Consider the excerpt from a speech given by the former slave and abolitionist Frederick Douglass to the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society: "I have had but one idea for the last three years to present to the American people, and the phraseology in which I clothe it is the old abolition phraseology. I am for the 'immediate, unconditional, and universal' enfranchisement of the black man, in every State in the Union. [Loud applause.] Without this, his liberty is a mockery; without this, you might as well almost retain the old name of slavery for his condition; for in fact, if he is not the slave of the individual master, he is the slave of society, and holds his liberty as a privilege, not as a right. He is at the mercy of the mob, and has no means of protecting himself." Which question would be most relevant for analyzing this historical speech? • Why did Douglass give this speech? • How did Douglass deliver his speech? • How long is the speech? • When was the source published? CONCEPT Analyzing Primary Sources 15 Choose the statement that best reflects an argument used by Chief Joseph to oppose federal assimilation. • "Forcing Indians to stay in one place does not allow them to live fully and prosper." • "We do not want equality with the white man, we want nothing to do with him." • "The government is not planning to provide us with enough land to grow crops." • “Indians want to live in peace and we are willing to forego our traditions in order to do so.” CONCEPT Western Conquest and Indian Assimilation 16 In the late 19th century, the consolidation of manufacturing in large cities and an ever-growing railroad system changed the nature of consumption in rural America. Choose the statement that best describes one of these changes in the nature of rural consumption. • John’s small general store now had plenty of customers, and he was able to do excellent business. • Mary bought a new piano from Sears, but it had become more expensive than if she had bought it locally. • Ed’s newspaper began to include full-page advertisements for new consumer products. • Sarah wanted to purchase a new sewing machine, but no longer could because she did not have enough cash on hand. CONCEPT Industrialization and Consumer Culture 17 Several ideologies—social Darwinism, the self-made man and the Gospel of Wealth—emerged in the Gilded Age, each with its advocates. Choose the statement most likely spoken by Horatio Alger. • “The unjust and unequal distribution of wealth is a blight on our society and civilization.” • “A person born into a disadvantaged situation can succeed through ingenuity and hard work.” • “When contributing to charities, it is most important to focus on helping those who help themselves.” • "If a man wants to get rich and is willing to be dishonest, he will succeed." CONCEPT The Gilded Age 18 A meat packing plant buys a smaller meat packing plant and lowers prices to effectively run another out of business. It then strikes a deal with the railroad to transport the meat at a lower price and gains control of the meat market. What aspect of industrialization does this represent? • Vertical integration • Horizontal integration • A trade • A holding company CONCEPT Corporations and Industry in the Late 19th Century 19 Which statement about populism most closely aligns with historian Lawrence Goodwyn’s interpretation of the term? • It was a political style that used language to convince others to endorse the views being voiced. • It was a political stance that emphasized free enterprise and minimal governmental intervention. • It was a political movement that offered an alternative to the politicaleconomic order of the Gilded Age. • It was the idea that production, distribution and exchange were equally shared by rich and poor alike. CONCEPT How Historians View Populism 20 In the summer of 1893, a young historian, Frederick Jackson Turner, presented a paper that explained his views on the significance of the frontier in American history. Choose the statement that best reflects Turner’s views on the significance of the Western frontier. • Turner regretted the need for the subjugation of Native Americans. • Turner included women in his argument, suggesting that the West was for all people and not just rugged, masculine individuals. • Turner examined the ways in which settlers interacted with each other to form unique societies on the frontier. • Turner stated that Western expansion repeated American history by demonstrating and reinforcing the exceptionalism and progress of the American people. CONCEPT The Frontier in American History 21 Which list of activities best represents the basic practices of historians? • o Maintaining consistency in historical narratives over time, o asking questions about the nature of history, o insisting on a single narrative for the past and o referencing strongly biased secondary sources • o Applying historical lenses, o asking questions about the nature of history, o compiling facts about past events and o interpreting evidence from the past • o Asking questions about the future, o insisting on a single narrative for the past, o referencing strongly biased secondary sources and o stating personal opinions about the past • o Applying historical lenses, o asking questions about the future, o compiling facts about past events and o stating personal opinions about the past CONCEPT The Historian's Practice 22 Choose the group or entity that was a predecessor of the Populist Party. • The Republican Party • The Democratic Party • The Whig Party • The Greenback-Labor Party CONCEPT Rural America in the Late 19th Century 23 Because of the economic downturn in the 1890s, many Americans organized in order to seek relief from elected officials. Choose the statement that reflects an action undertaken in the 1890s by government officials in response to workers' demands. • "As representatives in Congress, we passed a bill limiting workers to an eight-hour day." • "We encouraged grassroots organizers to present their concerns to Congress and the president." • "To control speculation in the railroad industry, we introduced broad new financial regulations." • “To circumvent a railway strike and to justify federal action, we attached postal cars to trains.” CONCEPT Economic Depression and Labor Unrest in the 1890s 24 Consider “The Chinese Question” by Thomas Nast, published in Harper’s Weekly, February 18, 1871. Choose the statement that best analyzes the experience of immigrants portrayed in the image. • Chinese immigrants were targeted with hate speech and antiimmigrant sentiment. • Chinese immigrants were protected by the United States government. • Chinese immigrants directly competed with Irish immigrants for jobs. • Chinese immigrants assimilated more successfully than other ethnic groups. CONCEPT Late 19th Century Immigrant Experience