WGU C836 OA Study Guide (Overly
Informative) Questions and Answers
Rated A+
CIA Triad ✔✔Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
Parkerian hexad ✔✔Where the CIA triad consists of confidentiality, integrity, and avail
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WGU C836 OA Study Guide (Overly
Informative) Questions and Answers
Rated A+
CIA Triad ✔✔Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
Parkerian hexad ✔✔Where the CIA triad consists of confidentiality, integrity, and availability, the
Parkerian hexad consists of these three principles, as well as possession or control, authenticity,
and utility
Confidentiality ✔✔Refers to our ability to protect our data from those who are not authorized to
view it.
Confidentiality can be compromised by the loss of a laptop containing data, a person looking over
our shoulder while we type a password, an e-mail attachment being sent to the wrong person, an
attacker penetrating our systems, or similar issues.
Integrity ✔✔Refers to the ability to prevent our data from being changed in an unauthorized or
undesirable manner. This could mean the unauthorized change or deletion of our data or portions
of our data, or it could mean an authorized, but undesirable, change or deletion of our data. To
maintain integrity, we not only need to have the means to prevent unauthorized changes to our
data but also need the ability to reverse authorized changes that need to be undone.
Availability ✔✔refers to the ability to access our data when we need it. Loss of availability can
refer to a wide variety of breaks anywhere in the chain that allows us access to our data. Such
issues can result from power loss, operating system or application problems, network attacks,
compromise of a system, or other problems. When such issues are caused by an outside party, such
as an attacker, they are commonly referred to as a denial of service (DoS) attack.
Possession or Control ✔✔Refers to the physical disposition of the media on which the data is
stored. This enables us, without involving other factors such as availability, to discuss our loss of
the data in its physical medium
An example is data store be on multiple devices and there could be numerous versions.
Authenticity ✔✔Attribution as to the owner or creator of the data in question.
Authenticity can be enforced through the use of digital signatures.
Utility ✔✔Refers to how useful the data is to us.
Interception ✔✔Interception attacks allow unauthorized users to access our data, applications, or
environments and are primarily an attack against confidentiality. Interception might take the form
of unauthorized file viewing or copying, eavesdropping on phone conversations, or reading e-mail,
and can be conducted against data at rest or in motion. Properly executed, interception attacks can
be very difficult to detect.
Affects Confidentiality
Interruption ✔✔Interruption attacks cause our assets to become unusable or unavailable for our
use, on a temporary or permanent basis. Interruption attacks often affect availability but can be an
attack on integrity as well. In the case of a DoS attack on a mail server, we would classify this as
an availability attack.
Affects Integrity and availability
Modification ✔✔Modification attacks involve tampering with our asset. If we access a file in an
unauthorized manner and alter the data it contains, we have affected the integrity of the data
contained in the file.
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