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66 Midterm Study Guide

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1 -Things to know about each of the major antibiotic drug classes Bactericidal vs. Bacteriostatic  Bactericidal antibiotics directly kill bacteria o preferred for immunocompromised patients suc ... h as those with diabetes, HIV, or cancer & for those who have overwhelming infections. o Agents: aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, metronidazole, most antimycobacterial agents, streptogramins, & vancomycin.  Bacteriostatic agents inhibit bacterial proliferation while the host's immune system does the killing. o Agents: clindamycin, macrolides, sulfonamides, & tetracyclines o Bactericidal agents: “BANG Q R.I.P” - Beta-lactams, Aminoglicosides, Nitroimidazoles (Metronidazole), Glycopeptides (Vancomycin), Quinolones, Rifampicin, Polymyxins (Colistin) o Bacteriostatic agents: “Ms. Colt” - Macrolides, Sulfonamides, Chloramphenicol, Oxazolidinones, Lincosamides (Clindamycin), Tetracyclines *Bactericidal antibiotics kill bacteria directly, & bacteriostatic antibiotics stop/weaken bacteria from growing to enable the immune system to take hold of infection* Aminoglycosides (narrow-spectrum antibiotics used primarily against aerobic gram-negative bacilli; disrupt protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, resulting in rapid bacterial death) (p. 683)  Examples: Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Amikacin, Neomycin, Kanamycin, Streptomycin, Paromycin, Plazomicin (p. 687)  Indications for use: Treatment of serious infections caused by gram-negative aerobic bacilli (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacteriaceae, topical infection, ocular bacterial infections, intestinal amebiasis, complicated UTI) (p. 687) [Show More]

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