NURS 443 Practice Exams Research 1. Questions and Answers, All 100% Correct

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Practice Exams - Research 1 Chapter 1 Multiple Choice 1. Sally knows that babies come from the stork because her mother tells her so. This method of acquiring knowledge is known as a. th... e scientific method. b. a logical syllogism. c. the method of authority. d. the method of tenacity. ANSWER: c (p. 4) 2. Paul thinks that day care is bad for children because he’s heard it over and over from various sources. This method of acquiring knowledge is known as a. the scientific method. b. a logical syllogism. c. the method of authority. d. the method of tenacity. ANSWER: d (pp. 3-4) 3. One problem with acquiring knowledge using the method of tenacity is that a. repeating a fact does not necessarily make it true. b. it relies on empirical investigations. c. it uses independent and dependent variables. d. it controls for extraneous variables. ANSWER: a (p. 4) 4. The degree to which a knowledge claim is accurate is referred to as a. reliability. b. validity. c. authority. d. tenacity. ANSWER: b (p. 3) 5. A scheme of formal logic or argument consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion is known as a(n) a. logical syllogism. b. extraneous variable. c. experiment. d. theory. ANSWER: a (p. 5) 6. Complete the following logical syllogism: Beautiful people are good. Claudia is a beautiful person. Therefore, a. Claudia is beautiful. b. good people are beautiful. c. Claudia is good. d. All of the above. ANSWER: c (p. 5) 7. James believes that spanking is not detrimental to children because he was spanked as a child and he turned out fine. James is using which method of acquiring knowledge? a. Tenacity b. Experience c. Authority d. None of the above. ANSWER: b (pp. 4-5) 8. Which of the following is NOT a key element in the scientific method? a. Objective measurements b. Self-correction of errors c. Confirmation of findings d. Having extraneous variables ANSWER: d (pp. 5-6) 9. Janet conducts a study and finds that, similar to previous research, students by themselves worked harder than students in groups (a phenomenon known as social loafing). In addition, she found that social loafing could be lessened if the students in the group knew each other well. Janet’s study represents a. replication. b. replication with extension. c. lack of control. d. the method of tenacity. ANSWER: b (p. 7) 10. An empirical study is based on a. the method of tenacity. b. the method of authority. c. the method of experience. d. objectively quantifiable observations. ANSWER: d (p. 6) 11. Which of the following scenarios correctly depicts the self-correcting nature of science? a. Jane controls various extraneous variables in her study on self-esteem. b. Mark conducts a replication with extension study on deindividuation and finds that the previous research reached a faulty conclusion. c. Kelly conducts a study illustrating a cause-and-effect relationship between distraction and reading comprehension. d. Ray conducts an empirical research study on racial discrimination. ANSWER: b (p. 7) 12. In one study, half of the rats are given one food pellet each time they correctly run a maze, and the other half of the rats are given two food pellets each time they correctly run a maze. The researchers record the average amount of time it takes the rats to run the maze. In this study, the number of food pellets represents the __________ variable. a. independent b. dependent c. extraneous d. intrinsic ANSWER: a (p. 8) 13. In one study, students read a fictitious job application. The applications are identical except that half have a female name (“Joan”) and half have a male name (“John”). The students rate the likelihood of the applicant succeeding at the job. What is the dependent variable? a. The name on the job application [Show More]

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