*NURSING > EXAM > MDC2 Exam 2 Final Exam 2021 (1) (All)

MDC2 Exam 2 Final Exam 2021 (1)

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pH<7.35, bicarbonate <21mEq/L, PaO2 normal, PaCo2 normal or slightly decreased, and serum potassium high 9. Metabolic acidosis Clinical manifestations: - Kussmaul's breathing RR>20, weak, confused,... hypotension, cardiac changes (due to hyperkalemia), N/V 10. Metabolic acidosis nursing interventions: - hydration, antidiarrheal medication, monitor electrolytes (potassium), --Renal failure: strict I&O, monitor diet, may need dialysis, --Neuro status: seizure precautions, --DKA: Patient will need insulin drip, bicarbonate (only with low serum levels), and watch for respiratory depression: patient may need to be ventilated 11. Respiratory acidosis causes: - respiratory depression, inadequate chest expansion, airway obstruction or aspiration of a foreign object, opioids, anesthetics, ascites, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary edema, hypoventilation, rib fractures, tuberculosis, emphysema, drowning, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, COPD, severe asthma, and decreased alveolar-capillary diffusion. 12. Respiratory acidosis Lab assessment: - pH <7.35, PaO2 low, PaCO2 high, Serum bicarbonate variable, serum potassium levels elevated, and serum levels normal or low (if renal compensation present) 13. Respiratory acidosis clinical manifestations - CNS changes (lethargy, confusion, stupor, coma), neuromuscular changes (decreased muscle tone, deep tendon reflexes, facial paralysis, skeletal muscle weakness), respiratory changes (Kussmaul's breathing), skin changes (warm, dry pink=vasodilation), [Show More]

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