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Student Exploration: Convection Cells-gizmos

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1. Hypothesize: Click Play, add a drop, and watch the motion of the liquid. Why do you think convection tends to occur in heated fluids? It moves at a faster pace. Convention occurs in heated liquid ... s because of the difference in temperature. 2. Observe: Click Clear drop. Under Show, select Temperature. The temperature scale runs from red (hot) to dark blue (colder). A. Where is the hottest liquid located? Bottom B. Where is the coldest liquid located? Top right corner C. Add a drop. Does the hottest liquid tend to rise or sink? Rise D. Does the coldest liquid tend to rise or sink? Sink 3. Observe: Click Clear drop, and then add a new drop to the liquid. Turn on Show micro view of drop. This view shows 21 molecules in the drop. Pay attention to how fast the molecules move and how much space they occupy as the drop moves around the beaker. (Note: If the drop gets stuck, add a new drop to the beaker.) A. In which part of the beaker do the liquid molecules move fastest? Closest to burner B. In which part are the liquid molecules most spread out? Hottest part 4. Explore: Click Clear drop and drag the probe ( ) into the beaker. Density is defined as the mass per unit volume. It is a measure of how tightly the particles of a substance are packed. Move the probe to different parts of the beaker, observing the temperature and density. A. What relationship do you observe between the temperature and density? The liquid that are less dense will float. B. Why do you think this is so? The temperature affects the size of molecules. It expands with heat and shrinks with cold. (Activity A continued on next page) Activity A (continued from previous page) 5. Explain: In a liquid, objects denser than the liquid (such as rocks) tend to sink, while objects less dense than the liquid (such as inflatable rafts) tend to rise. How does this relate to the observed motions of the liquid in the beaker? The warmer liquid is less dense and rises to the top. The colder liquid is denser and sinks [Show More]

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