Advanced MedSurg Proctor Notes Questions and accurate answers and Rationales.

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Advanced MedSurg Proctor Notes Questions and accurate answers and Rationales. A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? ... a. Bradycardia- more tachycardia cuz of a failing ventricle , SNS is activated to compensate . b. Flushed skin- duskly it wIll look like c. d. Jugular vein distention→ Right Rationale: ATI MS: pg. 362 ch 32 pdf Left side: dyspnea, orthopnea(SOB while lying down), noc dyspnea, displaced apical pulse, S3 heart sound (gallop), fatigue, pulmonary congestion (bibasilar crackles), altered mental status, frothy sputum, organ failure such as oliguria. Right Side: Jugular vein distention, ascending dependent edema, abdominal distention, polyuria ar rest, liver enlargement, A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing renal colic from a calculus in left renal pelvis. Identify the area where the nurse should expect the client to have referred pain. ( Find “hot spots” in the artwork) Pain travels downward to the inguinal area and lower back Renal colic occurs in the kidney area. Referred pain is somEwhere that happens in another place other than where the pain should be felt. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peritoneal dialysis and notes a decrease in the dialysate flow rate. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all the apply?). Check answer i read pg 644-647 med surg it’s not so specific p. 370 ch 57 pdf a. b. Strip the catheter tubing (maybe-?) c. d. Raise the client to high fowlers position- they must lie supine e. 4. Same questions From what version? TYPE AS NEEDED. LOL what a dick A nurse is planning to insert an indwelling catheter for a female client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? Ati video tutorials foley a. Collect urine specimen from the drainage bag 1 hr after insertion- from port, urine that is statis in the bag for more than 1 hour is contaminated and not good to use for speciemen. b. Raise the head of the bed to 45 degrees prior to insertion-lithotomy it must be. Female must be in dorsal rumband which is flat with the legs spread wide. c. d. Attach the bag to the rail of the bed. -under.non movable area 6. A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has age-related macular degeneration which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching A. A possible cause of this problem is long-term lack of dietary protein B. You probably have a Detachment of your retina -vision is like having curtains over eyes C. 5. You probably have noticed a decline in your central vision Secure the catheter to the client's inner thigh Position the client to her other side. Measure the amount of the dialysate outflow monitor the access site for drainage.- to check for sxs of infection. Frothy sputum-Left sided- can be blood tingedD. The doctor can perform surgery to correct the start paying the folds in your retina Rationale: ATI MS: PG. 63 Macular degeneration, often called age?related macular degeneration (AMD), is the central loss of vision that affects the macula of the eye. NO cure , happens alot in old people. Sxs: distorted vision, blurred vision, caused by smoking, female, HTN, diet lacking carotene. 7. A nurse is assessing a client who has cirrhosis. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report? P . 357 ch 55 pdf Med surge A. B. Distended abdomen- expected C. Alkaline phosphatase 125 units/L -norm normal is 30 -120 D. Clay colored stools- bile not on your shit 8. A nurse is preparing to discontinue long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy for a client for a client. The nurse should plan to discontinue the TPN gradually to reduce the risk of which of the following adverse effects? Old med surge docs we used A. Hyperglycemia B. Diarrhea C. Constipation D. TPN Abruptly discontinuing TPN will cause rebound hypoglycemia 9. A nurse is preparing to administer a unit of packed RBCs to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? P . 250 chapter 40 pdf p . 678 lewis A. Administer the unit of packed RBC’s over 1 hr- 2- 4 hr its must be given for 2 -4 hours. older adults B. Obtain the client’s first set of vital signs 1 hr after initiating the transfusion- you get vital signs at the initial first 15 to 30 minutes of the transfusion. C. Initiate venous access with a 21-gauge needle - no more than 19, for a regular adult it is 18 or 20 . D. 10. TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME- same 11. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to an older adult client who had an exacerbation of COPD. The client is to start fluticasone by metered-dose inhaler. WHich of the following instructions should the nurse include? ( C) p . 132 ch 22 A. Use fluticasone as needed for shortness of breath.- fluticasone used to treat inflammation. B. Limit fluid intake to 1 L per day. - drink plenty to avoid dehydration. 2-3 liters. C. D. Assist use of pursed-lip breathing.- this is also one of the interventions the nurse does but the question ask about fluticasone. It is a steroid, and we all know steroids decresaes inflammation but also depress our immunue system. So getting a flu shot is priority. 12. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to an older adult client following a left total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. “You can cross your legs at the ankles when sitting down.” -avoid flexion contraction B. “Clean the incision daily with hydrogen peroxide.”- soap and water C. D. “You should use an incentive spirometer every 8 hrs.”- once every hour at least 13. Missing 14. A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a femur fracture. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately? A. B. The client has a temperature of 38.1 C (100.5F) avoid hypoglycemia with lower concentrations of Hypoglycemia (Repeat) Since your body is producing enough insulin to take on higher loads, you must taper it down to The client reports shortness of breath - embolism ABCS p . 457 chapter 71 “Install a raised toilet seat in your bathroom.” Pg 437 also use straight chairs with arms, abduction pillow between the legs, avoid low chairs, and flexion of hip greater than 90 degrees. NO crossing legs , no turing on operative side. Obtain a yearly influenza immunization. - reduce risk of infection. Use Y tubing with 0.9% sodium chloride when administering the transfusion. Pg 249 Platelets 70,000/mm3- risk of bleed normal range is 150,000 - 300,00- ABCS is compromised automatically .C. The clients incision is red and warm D. The client reports incision pain 15. A nurse is planning care for a client who Clostridium difficile gastroenteritis. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action? P . 290 ch 46 pdf A. Place the client in a protective environment B. C. Clean surfaces with chlorhexidine-bleach D. Wash hands with alcohol-based hand rub. 16. A nurse is setting up a sterile field before performing a dressing change on client who is postoperative. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take to maintain the sterile field? (select all the apply) A. B. C. Apply sterile gloves before opening the pack- sterile package must be opened first before donning sterile gloves D. Open the first flap of the sterile package toward the nurse's body- must be AWAY first , then sides , then TOWARDS the nurse . E. 17. A nurse is caring for a client who has acute appendicitis. Which of the findings is the priority to the provider? Ch 23 p . 143 PEDIATRICS pdf also p 944 lewis A. Nausea- has not burst B. Flank pain - normal C. Fever - has not burst D. Rigid abdomen - muscles contract because it exploded- can lead to rupture and infection also HR ELEVATED, shallow and rapid respirations, pulse is weak. . 18. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation. The client reports nauseas since the therapy was initiated. Which of the following considerations should the nurse include when planning the clients meals? P . 583 ch 91 also ch 16 p 269 of the lewis book B. Offer highly seasoned foods- you want COLD , dry , foods. Cooking stimulates odors that lead to nausea. C. Offer a snack prior to radiation therapy- several small meals a day is recommended. D. Offer hot beverages with meals- hot foods can stimulate nausea. Beverage with meals leads to nausea. 19. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving mechanical ventilation. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement? (D) page 208-209 not sure which answer Empty water from the ventilator tubing daily. ( -INFECTION CONTROL: water that collects in the ventilator tubing can create a breeding ground for bacteria which may lead to VAP. Suction the client’s airway every 4 hr.(Suction every 2 hr and as needed. p.157) Maintain the client in supine position. (should reposition pt to help with secretions) Perform oral care every 2 hr.( you do oral care but not every 2hrs ) 20. A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who has cirrhosis of the liver. Which of the following is a priority finding? ( C) Palmar erythema Spider angiomas Mental confusion (RM 10 Ch.55 p.359 pdf - too much bilirubin in the blood went to the brain and now caused mental encephalopathy) Yellow Sclera 21. A nurse is preparing to administer bumetanide to a client who has heart failure. Which of the following assessment findings should indicate effectiveness of the medication Bowel sounds present in 4 quadrants on auscultation Alert and oriented to time place and person Lung sounds clear - it is Bumex Apical pulse 80 A. Offer frequent, high-carbohydrate meals- several small meals a day is preffered. Select a work surface at the nurses waist level- body mchiancis . Grasp 2.5 cm (1 in ) of the outer edge to open the surgical wrap- 1 inch form broder is always non sterile so its ok to touch it . Place a surgical pack with a sterile drape on the work surface. Obtain a stool specimen with gloves→ CONTACT ISO —> Ammonia build upRationale: MS RM 10 Ch.32 p.198-9 23. A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and has a new prescription for lisinopril. The nurse should consult with the provider about which of the following medication in the client's medication administration record? Potassium chloride Levothyroxine Acetaminophen Metformin-If you have diabetes, do not use lisinopril together with any medication that contains aliskiren (such as Amturnide, Tekturna, Tekamlo) Rationale: Pharm RM 7.0 Ch.20 p.151; Hyperkalemia is a complication for Lisinopril; avoid any salt substitutes containing K+. 24. A nurse is planning care for a client who is 1 day postoperative following an open cholecystectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan or care? Avoid use of anticoagulants - use it Place pillow under client knees - stasis danger Discourage leg exercises while in bed - you need it Apply compression stocking in lower extremities Rationale: It’s common post-op, also, resume regular activity after 4-6 wks. 25. What interferes with warfarin therapy Potatoes (Potassium) Oranges (Vit C) Bananas (Potassium) Cauliflower - Huge Vitamin K remember veggies Rationale: Avoid any interaction with Vitamin K when on anticoagulant therapy, and dark, leafy veggies (or just any veggies) are THE source for it. 26. A nurse is administering furosemide 80 to a client with pulmonary edema. Which of the following assessment findings indicates the nurse that the medication is effective? P , 144 ch 19 pharm pdf a. Elevation in BP b. Adventitious breath sounds c. Weight loss of 1.8 kg (4lb) in the past 24 hr d. Respiratory rate of 24/min 27. A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing’s disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Ch 80 page 518 a. Weight loss b. Hyponatremia- increased c. Hyperglycemia d. Hypercalcemia- DECREASED ERRYTHANG is UP except K+/Ca+, both HYPO 28. A nurse is monitoring a client who has receiving 2 units packed RBCs. Which of the following manifestations indicates a hemolytic transfusion reaction? (MS RM 10.0 Ch.40 p.250: chills, fever, low-back pain, tachycardia, flushing, hypotension, chest tightening or pain, tachypnea, nausea, anxiety, hemoglobinuria, and an impending sense of doom) a. Back pain (needs to say specifically low back pain) b. Bradycardia- should be tachycardia c. Hypertension- hypotension it will cause. d. Chills 29. A PACU nurse is monitoring the drainage from a client’s NG tube following abdominal surgery. Which of the following findings in the first postoperative hour should the nurse report to the provider? a. 75 mL of greenish yellow drainage (Purulent) b. 100 mL of red drainage (Sanguineous/fresh bleeding) c. 200 mL of brown drainage (Purulent) (hemorrhage-coffee brown)-could be an old or new bleed d. 150 mL of serosanguineous drainage Lower back pain coz kidney is affected first30. A nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client who has severe chronic kidney disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? MS RM 10.0 Ch.59 p.382 pdf a. Lethargy b. Potassium 4.0 mEq/L (normal)-3.5-5.0 c. Hypotension- HTN due to fluid overload d. Serum creatinine 0.9 mg/dL- should be increased . 0.8-1.1 Rationale: Expected findings include nausea, fatigue, lethargy, involuntary movement of legs, depression, and intractable hiccups. In most cases of chronic CKD, findings are r/t fluid overload, including both HTN and orthostatic hypotension. 31. Missing 32. A nurse is teaching a client who has hypothyroidism. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (select all the apply) pg. 886 med srg A. You will take medication for this condition for several months B. You will need to eat a high-fiber diet to prevent complications of this condition C. You might notice that you perspire more with this condition (no hyperthyroidism) D. We will perform laboratory tests to monitor the effect of your medication E. This condition can cause you to gain weight. 33. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving mechanical ventilation when the low pressure alarm sounds on the ventilator. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? P 113 ms ati pdf A. Empty water from the clients ventilator tubing B. Evaluate the client for a cuff leak - check this first for cause of low pressure C. Suction the client’s airway D. Increase the client’s ventilator flow rate. 34. A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for four client who are scheduled for surgery. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the surgeon? a. INR of 1.6 (Normal 1.0-2.0) b. Platelets 95,000/mm3 (low 150,000-350,000) c. Hct 42% (Normal 42%-52% men; 37%-47% women) d. WBC 8,000/mm3 (Normal 5,000-10,000/mm3) Rationale: MS RM 10.0 Ch.39 p.245; Normal labs35. A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving valsartan to treat heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the medication is effective? a. Increased potassium level b. Decreased blood pressure c. Increased heart rate ( pg 365 md srg valzartan is a afterload reducing agent, angiotensin receptor blocker ) d. Decreased urinary output 36. A nurse is providing teaching to a client following a liver biopsy 1 hour ago. Which of the following positions should the nurse instruct the client to maintain after the procedure??? P. 882 lewis medsurge a. Prone b. Supine c. Right lateral - with minimum 2 hours, with patient bed flat. d. Left lateral Rationale: ATI Capstone question; “Following a liver biopsy, the nurse should instruct the client to lie on the affected side for hemostasis to occur. The liver sits just under the rib cage on the right side of the abdomen.” 37. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client following a modified left radical mastectomy with breast expander. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? MS RM 10.0 Ch.92 p.614 a. “I will have to wait 2 months before additional saline can be added to my [Show More]

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