PHA 1500

• STRUCTURE AND FUCTION OF HUMAN BODY FINAL EXAM MODULE 6 COMPETE QUESTIONS &ANSWERS • • Question 1 Which plane divides the body/organ into anterior and posterior sections? • Question 2 Which plane ...

• STRUCTURE AND FUCTION OF HUMAN BODY FINAL EXAM MODULE 6 COMPETE QUESTIONS &ANSWERS • • Question 1 Which plane divides the body/organ into anterior and posterior sections? • Question 2 Which plane divides the body/organ into superior and inferior sections? • Question 3 Which term best describes the body maintaining a constant internal balance despite changes in the external environment? • Question 4 Physiology refers to the study of the body’s structure, whereas anatomy refers to the study of the body’s function. • Question 5 The axilla region is medial compared to the nose. • Question 6 What organelle or structure is the DNA, our genetic material, found within? • Question 7 Which phase of the cell cycle does the cell divide into two new cells? • Question 8 What is the state of balance in which the body’s internal environment (factors) remains within normal ranges? • Question 9 Which organelle is responsible for producing our body’s energy source, ATP? • Question 10 Where is our body’s DNA, genetic material, located? • Question 11 Which cellular structure is selectively permeable for specific items to freely pass through it? • Question 12 The processes of diffusion and osmosis require energy, ATP, for it to occur. • Question 13 Cells have to replicate, or make a copy of, their DNA prior to going through mitosis and dividing into two new cells. • Question 14 Which type of tissue allows for the transmission of electrical impulses that provide communication signals with the body? • Question 15 Which type of tissue lines hollow organs, covers the outer surface of the skin and functions to provide protection or allow for absorption and secretion of substances? • Question 16 What statement is true of the skin? • Question 17 A permanent tattoo will have ink in which layer or layers of the skin? • Question 18 Which type of skin cell is involved in regulating our overall skin tone and color? • Question 19 Blood cell production is a function of the skeletal system. • Question 20 A sarcomere stores calcium within the muscle cell. • Question 21 What term is given to the end of long bones? • Question 22 Which section of the vertebral column contains seven vertebrae? • Question 23 Calcium is a vital component for muscle contraction to occur. • Question 24 Osteoporosis is a bone disease that occurs when bone tissue loses enough mass to become extremely brittle. • Question 25 What best describes a muscle fascicle? • Question 26 ATP is needed in muscle contraction for what process? • Question 27 Muscle cells are filled with specialized proteins that allow for contraction to occur. • Question 28 Which neurons carry information from the central nervous system to the target gland, organ, or muscle? • Question 29 Which cerebral lobe of the brain is involved in our ability to see? • Question 30 Which region of the brain is involved in coordinated movement of large muscle groups, posture, and balance? • Question 31 The sympathetic nervous system will cause an increase to the heart rate and respiration rate. It will also cause the pupils to dilate. • Question 32 What lobe of the cerebrum controls our consciousness, intelligence and conscious movement of muscles? • Question 33 A neurotransmitter is a chemical released from the soma (cell body) of the neuron. • Question 34 The spinal cord transmits information from the body to the brain only. • Question 35 Which region of the brain controls primitive functions of the body such as respiration rate, heart rate, sneezing, and coughing? • Question 36 Which hormone controls the body’s metabolism? • Question 37 Which endocrine gland secretes hormones that help the body adapt to stressful situations and release hormones that can reduce inflammation? • Question 38 The hormone insulin increases blood glucose (sugar) levels. • Question 39 Which receptors respond to factors such as pressure and stretch? • Question 40 Pain originating from the skin or joint that’s perceived as pain coming from an organ, such as the liver, is called referred pain. • Question 41 The general senses are only found in localized areas of the body, such as the head, and includes pain, touch, and temperature sensation. • Question 42 What endocrine gland secretes a hormone that increases the blood calcium levels? • Question 43 What blood vessel carries blood away from the heart out to the body and typically carries oxygenated blood? • Question 44 What blood vessel carries blood back to the heart? • Question 45 Which type of blood vessel allows nutrient exchange between the blood vessel and body’s cells and tissues? • Question 46 Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood from the body? • Question 47 Which heart chamber will pump oxygenated blood out to the body? • Question 48 The AV bundle, also called the pacemaker, assists in setting the heart rate of the heart? • Question 49 What type of blood cell assists in transporting oxygen throughout the body? • Question 50 What statement is true of type A+ blood type? • Question 51 Which disorder is characterized by an excessive white blood cell count? • Question 52 The myocardium of the heart contains the heart muscle that allows for muscle contraction. • Question 53 Congestive heart failure occurs when a ventricle fails to effectively pump blood. • Question 54 When the immune system overreacts to a normal, non-harmful antigen as in the case of allergies, what type of immune disorder is this called? • Question 55 When the immune system is weak and cannot optimally perform its normal function, what type of immune disorder is this called? • Question 56 When a person contracts and gets a cold or infection, what type of immunity is this? • Question 57 Specific immunity is more effective when it has been previously been exposed to a specific bacteria or virus. • Question 58 The pancreas makes bile and stores it in the gallbladder, which assists in the digestion of lipids (fat). • Question 59 The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in what digestive organ? • Question 60 Which nutrient is the primary source of energy (ATP) production for the body? • Question 61 The diaphragm and abdominal muscles are the main muscles that initiate the pulmonary respiration process to occur. • Question 62 Where does gas exchange occur within the respiratory system? • Question 63 What part of the nephron is involved in the glomerular filtration process of urine formation? • Question 64 The ureter transports urine from the bladder to the outside or external portion of the body. • Question 65 The stomach's main function is to mechanically digest food into a substance called chyme. • Question 66 It is the inner layer of the vagina that is sloughed off during the uterine (menstrual) cycle. • Question 67 What organ will produce estrogen and progesterone in the female reproductive system? • Question 68 Fertilization of an egg typically occurs here (first answer), while implantation of a fertilized egg occurs here (second answer)? • Question 69 What statement best describes the role of the epididymis? • Question 70 What is not an obstacle sperm face within the female reproductive system? • Question 71 Which organ of the female reproductive system produces the eggs and sex hormones estrogen and progesterone? • Question 72 The primary organ of the digestive system that produces digestive enzymes is the: • Question 73 What structure secretes progesterone during the last half of the ovarian cycle? • Question 74 Which type of nutrient is considered sugars and is the primary energy source for the body? • Question 75 Mechanical digestion is dependent upon digestive enzymes.