Advance Directives Exam Questions and Answers

what are advance directives? - ANSWER decisions regarding life-saving or life sustaining care that are recorded in legal documents when are advance directives used? - ANSWER when competent people wish to document what ...

what are advance directives? - ANSWER decisions regarding life-saving or life sustaining care that are recorded in legal documents when are advance directives used? - ANSWER when competent people wish to document what medical care they want/do not want to receive if they cannot make decisions what do advanced directives include? - ANSWER 1. living wills 2. durable power of attorney for health care when are living will effective? - ANSWER when the physician has the document and the patient is determined incompetent what do living wills provide? - ANSWER written expressions of a patient's wishes regarding the use of medical treatments in what even are living wills used? - ANSWER in the event of a terminal illness when can a surrogate/healthy care proxy be used to make decisions - ANSWER when the patient is rendered incompetent what decisions does a surrogate make? - ANSWER decisions that are closest to the patient's wishes, desires, and values what are examples of things that make be included in an advance directive? - ANSWER 1. do not resuscitate 2. no tube feeding 3. no renal dialysis 4. no antibiotics 5. no end of life treatment what does the Patient Self-Determination Act of 1990 state? - ANSWER that the rights and responsibilities of the individual to participate in all decisions regarding his/her health what does the Patient Self-Determination Act apply to? - ANSWER 1. hospice 2. hospitals 3. home health agencies 4. nursing homes 5. HMOs how does the Patient Self-Determination Act protect health care consumers? - ANSWER let's them know their right to refuse treatment and make health care decisions what does the patient self-determination act state must be done? - ANSWER 1. provide written info on advance directives 2. nurses must ask if there is an AD 3. document an AD on the patient's chart 4. provide staff education about AD define: competency - ANSWER the ability to fulfill one's role and handles one's affairs satisfactorily what is the age of competency? - ANSWER usually 18 (determined by state) who determines competency? - ANSWER a court of law define: guardianship - ANSWER a person who is legally placed in charge of the affairs of another person when would partial or full guardianship be granted? - ANSWER if a court determines if a person is incompetent what are two terms that are used to refer to a person who has authority to act for another? - ANSWER 1. health care proxy 2. surrogate what does decision making capacity refer to? - ANSWER the ability of a person to consent or refuse specific medical treatment/procedures how do you determine if a person has decision making capacity? - ANSWER they are evaluated by the nurse and keep in mind that cognitive abilities may fluctuate what does advocacy require? - ANSWER a nurse to educate their patients and their families to know their rights and be informed about the benefits they are entitled to what does autonomy allow? - ANSWER each person the right to make independent choices and decisions how can patients and families make sound choices? - ANSWER by having the appropriate resources a information what must be obtained from patients and their families? - ANSWER informed consent what is beneficence? - ANSWER do good for the patient what is nonmaleficence - ANSWER do no harm to the patient what does the ANA code of ethnics emphasize? - ANSWER respect for human dignity what does respect for human dignity include? - ANSWER respect for privacy and maintaining confidentiality what helps with confidentiality? - ANSWER HIPAA what does HIPAA consist of? - ANSWER regulations to protect privacy what does fidelity refer to? - ANSWER keeping promises and being faithful to commitments and responsibilities how does fiduciary responsibility concern nurses? - ANSWER nurses must have an understanding of the costs and benefits of the care that is given to make sure resources are used wisely and cost effectively what does justice refer to? - ANSWER the fairness of an act or situation what does veracity mean? - ANSWER truthfulness and refers to tell the truth and not misleading patients and families define: euthanasia - ANSWER the act or practice of causing death painlessly what act came about from assisted suicides by Dr. Kevorkian? - ANSWER Death with Dignity Act in 1994 (Oregon) what does the death with dignity act consist of? - ANSWER specific guidelines what does organ donation consist of? - ANSWER ethnical questions what are some ethnical questions that come with organ donation? - ANSWER 1. who have priority? 2. should donors be compensated?