Which of the following is most effective in helping young children develop phonological
awareness?
Singing songs with simple rhymes
Singing the alphabet song
Using large markers to print letters
Looking for environm
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Which of the following is most effective in helping young children develop phonological
awareness?
Singing songs with simple rhymes
Singing the alphabet song
Using large markers to print letters
Looking for environmental print - Correct Answer: A
Option (A) is correct. Phonemes are the sounds of a language that children must learn
in order to speak and later to read. Such sounds are learned by hearing them over and
over and repeating them. When children sing songs with simple rhymes, they are
making the sounds of the language that a parent or a teacher is encouraging them to
reproduce.
A first-grade student, Kyle, has drawn an elaborate picture of a garden in his journal and
has written: "I LK RD FLRS." Kyle's sentence suggests that an appropriate next step in
his development as a writer would be learning to
print lowercase letters
use medial vowel sounds
blend consonant sounds
recognize common sight words - Correct Answer: B
Option (B) is correct. Kyle's written work indicates that he does not use vowels between
consonants. He seems to know the alphabet, and he now needs to include more of the
sounds that are actually in the words he writes. He can be taught to do this by saying
words slowly or stretching words and hearing the vowels, such as the /i/ in like or the /e/
in red.
Graphic novels are effective for third-grade students because they
provide interesting plots for advanced readers
allow development of visual and verbal literacy
demonstrate the use of similes and metaphors
display charts and graphs in a variety of ways - Correct Answer: BOption (B) is correct. Graphic novels use visual illustrations to portray a story and
require students to use inference skills to understand the meaning of the text. Graphic
novels rely on the reader to construct the story by actively integrating visuals presented
in the text.
Which of the following best describes a student at the semiphonetic stage of spelling
development?
Places vowels in syllables
Imitates writing by copying random strings of letters
Understands word structure
Recognizes that sounds in words are represented by letters - Correct Answer: D
Option (D) is correct. Semiphonetic spellers understand that sounds are represented by
letters and often abbreviate spelling using initial and final sounds.
Which of the following best describes a student at the semiphonetic stage of spelling
development?
Places vowels in syllables
Imitates writing by copying random strings of letters
Understands word structure
Recognizes that sounds in words are represented by letters - Correct Answer: C
Option (C) is correct. Some of the concepts of print that students must learn are that a
book has a front and a back; that people begin reading words printed on the page
starting at the front of the book, from the top of the page, and moving from left to right;
that when readers come to the end of one line, they go to the beginning of the next line;
that a period tells the reader to stop and pause; and that a question mark shows that a
question is being asked.
A kindergarten teacher opens a book to the middle of the story and asks a student,
"Where on this page should I begin reading?" It is most likely that the teacher is
attempting to evaluate the student's
ability to draw inferences from text
phonological knowledge
concepts about p
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