RVE: Reading for Virginia Educators Key Terms Already Passed

RVE: Reading for Virginia Educators Key Terms Already Passed Alliteration ✔✔Repetition of the initial phoneme in connected text. Affix ✔✔A general term that refers to prefixes and suffixes Analogy ✔✔Comparing two set ...

RVE: Reading for Virginia Educators Key Terms Already Passed Alliteration ✔✔Repetition of the initial phoneme in connected text. Affix ✔✔A general term that refers to prefixes and suffixes Analogy ✔✔Comparing two sets of words to show some common similarity between the sets. Example: cat is to kitten as dog is to puppy. Bloom's Taxonomy ✔✔A system for categorizing levels of abstraction of questions that commonly occur in educational settings. E.S.A.A.C.K ✔✔Evaluation, synthesis, analysis, application, comprehension, knowledge Chunking ✔✔A decoding strategy for breaking words into manageable parts. Ex yes/ter/day Coarticulation ✔✔While saying one sound, the lips, tongue etc are starting to form the sound to follow. This is called: Cognates ✔✔Words that are related to each other by virtue of being derived from a common origin. Ex 'decisive' and 'decision' Consonant Blend ✔✔Two consonants and two sounds are a: (example: /bl/ in block; /str/ in string) Consonant Digraph ✔✔Two consecutive consonants that represent one sound. Example: /ch/, /sh/ Continuous Sounds ✔✔Sounds that can be held for several seconds without distortion. Ex: /m/, /s/ Derivational Affix ✔✔A prefix or suffix added to a root or base word to form another word. (Example: un- in unhappy or -ness in likeness Dipthong ✔✔A vowel produced by the tongue shifting position during articulation. Ex: ow, oy, ou, oi Digraphs ✔✔A group of two consecutive letters whose phonetic value is a single sound (example: /ch/ in chat, /ng/ in sing Empirical Research ✔✔Refers to scientifically based research that applies rigorous systematic, and objective procedures to obtain valid knowledge. Etymology ✔✔The origin and history of a word is called: Explicit Instruction ✔✔This type of instruction involves direct explanation. The actions of the teacher are very clear and it is clear what the students are to do and learn. Expository Text ✔✔Informational text that tends to be more difficult for students than narrative text because of the long, difficult, and unknown words or word parts. Expressive Language ✔✔Language that is spoken The five components of reading ✔✔Phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. Floss Rule ✔✔Words of one syllable ending in "f" "l" or "s" Fluency ✔✔The ability to read quickly, accurately, and with proper expression. Fluency Probe ✔✔An assessment for measuring fluency. Frayer Model ✔✔An adaptation of the concept map. Frustrational Reading Level ✔✔The level at which a reader reads at LESS THAN 90% accuracy. Generalization ✔✔The ability to use a learned skill in novel situations. Grapheme ✔✔A letter or letter combination that spells one phoneme. Example: e, ei, igh, eigh Graphic Organizer ✔✔A visual aid that may include concepts, ideas, events, vocabulary, or generalizations. Graphophonemic ✔✔The relationship between letters and phonemes. Grapho=physical representation phonemic= the actual sound the letter makes High Frequency Irregular Words ✔✔Words in print that contain letters that stray from the most common sound pronunciation because they do not follow common phonic patters. Examples: were, was, laugh, been High Frequency Words ✔✔Often called "sight words" because of the automatic recognition of these words is required for fluent reading. Fry's words Homograph ✔✔Words that are spelled the same but have different origins and meanings. Example: a can as in a container or can as I am able to. Homonym ✔✔Words that sound the same but are spelled differently. Example: knight/night Homophone ✔✔Words that may or may not be spelled alike but are pronounced the same. Example: ate and eight/ scale as in measurement tool or scale as in fish scales. Idiom ✔✔A phrase that differs from the literal meaning of the words. (Example: it's raining cats and dogs) Implicit Instruction ✔✔Students discover skills and concepts instead of being explicitly taught. Independent Reading Level ✔✔The level at which a reader can read text with 95% accuracy. Independent Instructional Reading Level ✔✔The reading range that spans instructional and independent reading levels that a student can read with 90%-95% or above accuracy. Inflectional Suffix ✔✔A suffix that expresses plurality or possession when added to a noun. Example: (-s, -es, -ing, -ed) Irregular Words ✔✔Words that contain letters that stray from the most common pronunciation. Ex: laugh, been, was, were Letter Combinations ✔✔Also referred to as digraphs, a group of consecutive letters that represent a particular sound in the majority of words in which it appears. (Example: /ai/ in maid, /ch/ in chair, /kn/ in know) Morpheme ✔✔The smallest meaningful unit of language. Morphemic Analysis ✔✔An analysis of words formed by adding prefixes, suffixes, or other meaningful word units to a base word. Oddities ✔✔Vowels that are pronounced differently from the expected pronunciation. Onset and Rime ✔✔In a syllable, the onset is the initial consonant and the rime is the vowel and any consonants that follow. Example: in the word sat: the onset is "s" and the rime is "at" Orthography ✔✔A writing system for representing language. Prosody ✔✔Reading with expression and proper intonation Pedagogy ✔✔The method and practice of