Anatomy and physiology Exam Solution 2022
Superior refers to:
The hindquarters
Structures toward the center of the body
Closer to the head
Closer to the feet - Answer- Closer to the head
All cells consist of ___ an
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Anatomy and physiology Exam Solution 2022
Superior refers to:
The hindquarters
Structures toward the center of the body
Closer to the head
Closer to the feet - Answer- Closer to the head
All cells consist of ___ and ___ and are able to synthesize proteins.
DNA and RNA
Nucleic acid and cytoplasm
Cell membranes and sex organs
Tendons and ligaments - Answer- DNA and RNA
Explain
Unlike DNA, RNA is single-stranded
An RNA strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (ribose) and phosphate
groups.
Attached to each sugar is one of four bases--adenine (A), uracil (U), cytosine (C), or
guanine (G).
DNA
DNA is made of chemical building blocks called nucleotides. These building blocks
are made of three parts:
a phosphate group, a sugar group and one of four types of nitrogen bases
adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T
The sympathetic nervous system functions to:
Regulate emergency or stressful situations
Return the body to a normal state following emergency or stressful situations
Control the five senses
Control the movement of the skeletal system - Answer- Regulate emergency or
stressful situations
Which of the following is NOT a function of the digestive tract?
To enzymatically break down food.
To perform gas exchange.
To absorb nutrients into blood.
To eliminate unabsorbed waste. - Answer- To perform gas exchange
Sagittal plane - Answer- Cuts or divides the body into right and left portions. Always
associate the sagittal plane with your right and left side, like the right and left turning
signals of a car. When a driver wants to signal a right turn, the right blinker turns on
and the left blinker remains off. Alternatively, when a left signal is needed, only the
left blinker should be activated.
Coronal (frontal) plan - Answer- Cuts or divides the body into front (anterior) and
back (posterior) portions. Imagine standing in line at the grocery store. People stand
behind one another at a frontal plane.
Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton?
-shoulder bones
-thigh bones
-foot bones
-vertebral column - Answer- Vertebral column
The axial skeleton supports the neck, head, back, chest, forms the vertical axis of
the body
Consists of:
skull
Vertebral column
-sacrum
-coccyx
Thoracic cage
What is a erythrocyte? - Answer- Red blood cell
What is the role of Angiotensin II? - Answer- -causes vasoconstriction and an
increase in systemic blood pressure
-Signals an increase in the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex
Where might you find a simple epithelial tissue?
-connecting two bones
-lining a blood vessel
-Contracting the heart
-Moving iron through the body - Answer- Lining a blood vessel
Connective and Moving iron through the body is connective tissue
Contracting the heart is cardiac tissue
When a person is prone what are they doing? - Answer- Face down
Prone is face down
Supine is face up
Where is fat stored in the bones? - Answer- Yellow bone marrow cavity
Where are B lymphocytes produced? - Answer- Bone marrow
Where do T cells undergo maturation? - Answer- Thymus gland
What is the least abundant blood cell?
-lymphocytes
-erythrocytes
-leukocytes
-thrombocytes - Answer- leukocytes
-life span is hours to days
-production begins in the bone marrow
-form in your bone marrow
In the human body, which of the following is responsible for clotting blood?
a: platelets
b: white blood cells
c: red blood cells
d: osteoblasts - Answer- Platelets
People who suffer from Type 1 diabetes are lacking function in which organ?
a: liver
b: pancreas
c: stomach
d: heart - Answer- Pancreas
Where does digestion start?
a: the stomach
b: the small intestine
c: the mouth
d: none of the above - Answer- The mouth
What does yellow bone marrow contain? - Answer- Adipose tissue
What are examples of long bones? - Answer- Femur
Humerus
Ulna
Radius
Tibia
Fibula
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Metatarsals
What are examples of short bones - Answer- Carpals in the wrist
Tarsals in the ankles
What do osteoclasts do? - Answer- Bone resorption
What do osteoblasts do? - Answer- Bone formation
Blood is prevented from changing direction in the veins by?
a: pressure from the heart
b: Valves
c: suction from the heart
d: none of the above - Answer- Valves
What is the thyroid cartilage commonly known as?
a: vocal box
b: adam's apple
c: vocal cords
d: none of the above - Answer- Adam's apple
Which bone forms the rib cage of the thoracic region with the ribs?
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