Questions from practice exams 2022

Questions from practice exams 2022 You are assessing an 84 year old man. Upon auscultation of the lungs you discover crackles or rale sounds. He is complaining of chest pain and congestion. These signs and symptoms ...

Questions from practice exams 2022 You are assessing an 84 year old man. Upon auscultation of the lungs you discover crackles or rale sounds. He is complaining of chest pain and congestion. These signs and symptoms can indicate? - ANS- Left ventricular failure You have just arrived at the scene to find a 27-year-old female complaining of anxiety and breathing difficulties. Which of the following questions would be most appropriate to ask first? - ANS- What is your name? You arrive on scene with your partner Emilio to find a woman who is having problems breathing. She is speaking in 1 or 2 word bursts and is on oxygen at 3 liters per minute. There is an ashtray next to her bed loaded with cigarette butts. She says her care taker called the ambulance and she does not want you there. She says she will allow you to take her vitals but then you have to leave. Her BP is 100/60 her pulse is 48 and her respirations are 18. She says she is 89 years old and has a pacemaker and is on high blood pressure medication. "I just want to be old, please leave", she says. What should you do? - ANS- Respect her wishes and leave, asking her to please call if she needs medical attention The patient is a 6 year old girl whose mother says has been sick for a few days and then started having breathing problems this morning. Upon assessment, you notice the child is flaring her nostrils and has a hoarse voice when talking. What is she most likely suffering from and what should you do? - ANS- She could have epiglottitis and needs to be transported with high flow O2 on an NRB Signs and symptoms of Cushing's phenomenon include all of the following - ANShypertension, bradycardia, irregular respirations, central neurogenic hyperventilation, and Biot respirations Your patient is a 41 year old female who was found lying prone in the kitchen. She does not appear to be conscious and there is a pool of saliva next to her head. You and your partner log roll her into a supine position while maintaining c-spine stabilization. Just as you get the woman rolled over her husband tells you that she has a previous history of heart attacks. What would be the most appropriate course of action to take next? - ANS- Do a jaw thrust to open her airway Dispatch has called you to the scene of a U.S. mail truck that slid out of control on a dirt road and rolled over. Bystanders reported the truck has caught on fire and the driver is outside the truck trying to gather the dumped mail. As you arrive on scene the fire department is just getting the fire out and the driver of the truck is standing back watching the smoldering mess. You should: - ANS- Do a standing backboard technique on the driver Rapid breathing is first seen in what stage of shock? - ANS- Compensated A man has both legs burned on the front and back, along with the fronts of both arms. Approximately what percentage of his body was burned? - ANS- 45% each leg: 18% front of each arm: 4.5% Which space in the body will you find the pancreas? - ANS- Retroperitoneal space, which resides posterior to the peritoneal space and contains the kidneys as well as vessels 73 year old female was in her backyard gardening when she collapsed to the ground. Her husband told 911 that "she is breathing very fast and will not talk to me." You arrive to find the woman lying on her side in the grass. She is breathing at 7 breaths per minute and her pulse is irregular and very thready. Her lungs also present with crackles upon auscultation As you are taking a blood pressure (88/66) the husband tells you that the woman has been having jaw pain and some weakness for approximately 3 days. What is the most likely cause of this woman's condition and how would you treat her? - ANS- Cardiogenic shock, Assist ventilations, and transport You arrive on scene with your partner Levi to transport a patient that has been throwing up blood that looked like coffee grounds. This sign would lead you to believe that this patient has? - ANS- GI bleed A motor vehicle accident has occurred right in front of your ambulance and requires the patients to be extricated. Your first choice of location to accomplish the rapid extrication should be the? - ANS- Always check all of the doors before cutting through the car with the Jaws of Life. One will often be able to extricate the patient through a door that can be opened. Which of the following would be a sign that CPR may not be necessary? - ANS- Stiff neck and jaw (sign of rigor mortis) NIMS is best explained as: - ANS- A template system for providing consistent, effective processes in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from an incident You and your partner Pepe arrive on scene to find a man in his early twenties with a large gash on his forearm that is spurting blood. You immediately apply pressure with your gloved hand as Pepe hands you a trauma dressing. The patient is pale with a weak rapid pulse and respirations of 30 breaths per minute. As you are finishing your initial assessment and bandaging the wound the PT tells you to "get away" from him. Your best course of action would be to do what? - ANS- Explain to the patient that you are almost finished bandaging his wound and you will leave him alone then What should be done to a French tip catheter after suctioning a patient's airway? - ANS- Flush with sterile water in preparation for additional suctioning Your patient is a 14 year old girl who is complaining of vaginal pain after falling onto the center post of her bike. She is alone and very scared. She has called the accident in on her cell phone and stated that she is bleeding very badly and feeling faint. Besides treating for shock, what other things should you consider with this patient? - ANS- Having a female EMT respond for the patient's modesty What authority has jurisdiction over radio transmissions made during a call? - ANSThe FCC or Federal Communications Commission You are called to a home where a 91 year old man has had a syncopal episode and is vomiting. The caregiver who called 911 stated that the patient's bowel movements have been bright red since yesterday. The patient has not complained of any pain, but is nauseated. What is most likely wrong with this man and which choice includes appropriate treatment steps? - ANS- He has a lower GI bleed and should be given O2 via nasal cannula at 4LPM and transported in a position of comfort while treating for shock If a patient was feeling nauseated this would likely be a_______________response. If a person was tachycardic it would likely be a___________________ response. - ANS- Parasympathetic / sympathetic Why does Nitroglycerin lower the blood pressure? - ANS- Because it dilates the vessels reducing the preload on the heart After the baby's head has delivered you should? - ANS- Suction the mouth and nose then check if the cord is wrapped around the infant's neck What is the maximum flow rate for a Nasal Cannula? - ANS- 6 lpm The tongue often is a source of airway obstruction; it falls back and occludes the _________? - ANS- Pharynx The lower airway ends at the Alveoli, where gas exchange occurs. Oxygen moves to the hemoglobin by passing through a semipermeable membrane. Where does this occur? - ANS- Capillary bed You are transporting an elderly male patient in respiratory distress with a history of COPD. His levels of CO2 in the body would be: - ANS- Elevated You are treating a 6 year old female patient. Her parents called because she fell off of a play structure earlier in the day and when they tried to wake her from her nap, she was not alert. She is bradycardic , bp is 70/40, she has an altered mental status and her skin is warm to the touch. You suspect? - ANS- Neurogenic shock After an adult cardiac arrest patient has been intubated by your paramedic partner, you are tasked with providing ventilations as another member of your crew performs chest compressions. When ventilating the patient, you should? - ANS- Deliver each breath over roughly 1 second at a rate of 8-10 bpm You notice that your 10 month old patient is performing belly breathing. That signifies which of the following? - ANS- Normal breathing When would it be necessary to humidify oxygen after it has been administered? - ANS- When the patient has nasal airway problems What is the percent oxygen provided by a simple face mask? - ANS- 50-60% (At around 10 LPM) How much oxygen is contained in normal atmospheric air? - ANS- 21% O2 What is the most appropriate treatment for someone in respiratory failure? - ANSPositive pressure ventilation via bag-mask...