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NR293 Exam 1 Review-comprehensive-2022

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NR293 Exam 1 Review-comprehensive-2022 PHARMACOLOGY • Pharmacokinetics: • Absorption • Oral meds go through the first pass effect • IV meds are immediately available for use at the... cellular/tissue level: Faster than oral route • Distribution • Drug being disturbed throughout the body • Requires stable cardiovascular system • Metabolism • Drug either activated, decreased activity, or totally inactivated • Primary drug is Liver • Decrease in liver function= decrease in metabolism, which may increase risk of toxicity • Excretion • Drug leaving the body • Primary organ is the kidneys • Decrease in renal function= decrease in elimination of drug: if drug is still active, increases risk of toxicity • Time it takes for ½ of drug to be elimated from the body • 5 half-lives lead to steady state • 5 half-lives eliminate 97% of drug • Example: At 8 am: drug A has a serum level of 400 mg/dl and the half-life is 8 hours. • 1st half-life 4 pm drug level is 200 • 2nd half-life 12 amdrug level is 100 • 3rd half-life 8 am drug level is 50 • 4th half-life 4 pm drug level is 25 • 5th half-life 12 amdrug level is 12.5 (approx. 97% drug is now gone) Drug terms • Therapeutic Index • Safety of drug CONTINUED.... [Show More]

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