Psych 101: Quiz 4 Latest Updated 2022 Already Passed

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Psych 101: Quiz 4 Latest Updated 2022 Already Passed Social psychology ✔✔the branch of psychology concerned with the way individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by others ... Attributions ✔✔inferences that people draw about the causes of events, others' behavior, and their own behavior Internal attributions ✔✔ascribe the causes of behavior to personal dispositions, traits, abilities, and feelings External attributions ✔✔ascribe the causes of behavior to situational demands and environmental constraints Weiner's model of attributions for success and failure ✔✔assumes that people's explanations for success and failure emphasize internal vs. external causes and stable vs. unstable causes (four categories: internal-stable, internal-unstable, external stable, and external-unstable) Fundamental attribution error ✔✔observers' bias in favor of internal attributions rather than external attributions in explaining others' behavior; in general, actors favor external attributions for their behavior, while observers are more likely to explain the same behavior with internal attributions Self-serving bias ✔✔tendency to attribute one's successes to personal factors and one's failures to situational factors Individualism ✔✔putting personal goals ahead of group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group membership Collectivism ✔✔putting group goals ahead of personal goals and defining one's identity in terms of the groups one belongs to Group ✔✔consists of two or more individuals who interact and are interdependent Bystander effect ✔✔people are less likely to provide needed help when they are in groups than when they are alone, caused by diffusion of responsibility Factors that contribute to reduced individual productivity in larger groups ✔✔reduced efficiency resulting from loss of coordination, social loafing Social loafing ✔✔the tendency to exert less effort when working on a group task , as compared with then they work by themselves, in which individual contributions cannot be identified Caused by diffusion of responsibility and because you think others will put in maximum effort Group polarization ✔✔when group discussion strengthens a group's dominant point of view and produces a shift toward a more extreme decision in that direction Groupthink ✔✔when members of a cohesive group emphasize concurrence at the expense of critical thinking in arriving at a decision; groups censors dissent at the pressure to conform increases and soon everyone begins to think alike Group cohesiveness ✔✔the strength of the liking relationships linking group members to each other and to the group itself Conformity ✔✔when people yield to real or imagined social pressures; key determinants are group size and group unanimity [Show More]

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