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Biochemistry Wgu unit 2 terms

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Biochemistry Wgu unit 2 terms An 11-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department by her father. He reports she has recently been very thirsty and needing to make frequent trips to the bathr ... oom. At her soccer game today, she complained of lightheadedness and that the symptoms did not resolve even after drinking a power beverage. A rapid dipstick test revealed glucose in her urine and further diagnostics are consistent with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Evaluation of this girl's liver would reveal an increased rate of which of the following processes? ANS Ketogenesis what is the role of adipose in metabolism ANS storage of TAG A 5-year-old female is brought to the emergency department by her mother. She is a type 1 diabetic and has not taken her insulin while away at a day camp. The child is unresponsive. Which of the following enzymes is phosphorylated and active under these conditions? ANS Hormone Sensitive lipase During the fasted state, lipolysis is facilitated by the action of hormone sensitive lipase. This enzyme requires which of the following modifications for activation? ANS Phosphorylation A well, 2-year-old girl contracted a vi ral i l lness at day care with vomiting, diarrhea, and progressive lethargy. She presents to the cl inic with disorientation, a barely rousable sensorium, cracked l ips, sunken eyes, lack of tears, flaccid skin with "tenting" weak pulse with low blood pressure, and increased deep tendon reflexes. Laboratory tests show low blood glucose, normal electrolytes, elevated l iver enzymes, and (on chest X-ray) a dilated heart. Urinalysis reveals no infection and no ketones. The child i s hospitalized and stabilized with 10% glucose infusion. Admission laboratories show elevated medium-chain fatty acylcarnitines in blood and 6-8 carbon dicarboxylic acids in the urine. Which of the following abnormalities i s the most l ikely diagnosis in this child? ANS Defect of medium-chain coenzyme A deydrogenase An individual is on a hunger strike and has not eaten in 13 days. Which of the following best describes their metabolic state? ANS The brain will be preferentially oxidizing ketones. Under fasting conditions (ratio of insulin to glucagon <1), elevated glucagon will activate which of the following enzymes? ANS Hormone sensitive lipase In the fasted state, fatty acyl-CoAs are transported across the mitochondrial membrane. The transport of fatty acids via carnitine palmitoyl transferase I (CPTI) can be directly inhibited by which of the following compounds? ANS Malonyl-CoA Which of the following is not a product of b-oxidatetion ANS NADPH An individual goes to bed around 8 pm and doesn't wake up until 9 am the next morning. During this time, which of the following is the primary oxidizable substrate in the skeletal muscle? ANS Free fatty acids An increase in the ratio of insulin to glucagon will increase the activity of which of the following enzymes (+ indicates activity is increased; - indicates activity is not increased by insulin)? ANS In fed state: Hormone sensitive lipase (-) Acetyl-CoA carboxylase(+) Phosphofructokinase 2PFK2(+) Glycogen synthase(+) [Show More]

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