*NURSING > EXAM > MEDICINE - step up to medicine/pretest/lange/uworld/MKSAP4 study guide solved 100% (All)

MEDICINE - step up to medicine/pretest/lange/uworld/MKSAP4 study guide solved 100%

Document Content and Description Below

-cardiac tamponade 1. tx {{Ans- 1. nonhemorrhagic and stable - monitor with echo/CXR/ECG, dialysis (for uremia) hemorrhagic - emergent surgery*, pericardiocentesis-mitral stenosis 1. patho 2. clin... ical pres/PE {{Ans- 1. rheumatic heart dz*** --> cross reactivity between streptococcal antigen and valve--> scarring, inc. LA pressure, pulm HTN, Afib*** 2. DOE, orthopnea, PND, palpitations, CX pain, hemoptysis (bronchial vein rupture), thromboembolism murmur - S2 followed by OS (closer = mores severe) followed by diastolic rumble, loud S1 in LLD position with bell LATE: JVD, hepatomegaly, ascites, right vent. heave, loud P2 (pulm HTN) -mitral stenosis 1. dx 2. tx {{Ans- 1. CXR - left atrial enlargement echo - left atrial enlargement, thick mitral valve, fish mouth orifice 2. diuretics for pulm congestion/edema beta blockers - lower CO/HR endocarditis prophylaxis anticoagulation with warfarin percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty open commissurotomy/mitral replacement -aortic stenosis 1. patho 2. clinical pres 25% 3 year survival w/o treatment @ time of presentation with symptoms {{Ans- 1. senile aortic calcification, bicuspid aortic valve, rheumatic fever --> LV outflow obs, LVH, mitral regurg 2. angina (3 yr surv), syncope (2 yr surv), dyspnea/heart failure (1.5 yr surv.)* murmur - harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur, @ right 2nd ICS, radiates to carotids, soft S2 parvus et tardus - delayed carotid upstrokes sustained PMI, precordial thrill -aortic stenosis 1. dx 2. tx {{Ans- 1. CXR - calcified aortic valve, dilatation of proximal ascending aorta, enlarged LV/LA ECG - LVH, LA abnormalities Echocardiogram - immobile thickened aortic valve, dilated aortic root, LVH 2. no sx = no tx sx = aortic valve replacement -aortic regurgitation 1. causes/patho 2. symptoms {{Ans- 1. infective endocarditis, trauma, dissection, iatrogenic rheumatic fever, bicuspid, marfans, ehlers, syphilis. OI, behcets, reiters--> inadequate closure of aortic valve leaflets--> LV dilation/hypertrophy--> elevated pulmonary pressures 2. DOE, PND, angina orthopnea, palpitations worse with lying down, cy [Show More]

Last updated: 2 years ago

Preview 1 out of 445 pages

Buy Now

Instant download

We Accept: