Health Care > QUESTIONS & ANSWERS > CADC exam prep Ch 1 (Addiction Counselor's Desk Reference) Already Passed (All)
CADC exam prep Ch 1 (Addiction Counselor's Desk Reference) Already Passed
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CADC exam prep Ch 1 (Addiction Counselor's Desk Reference) Already Passed Opiates ✔✔A category of psychoactive drugs that are chemically similar to morphine and have strong pain-relieving prop... erties. - Opiates cross into blood-brain barrier to produce a rush/feelings of euphoria. - Significant respiratory complications, death, cardiac depression. - Physical dependence develops dramatically as soon as regular use begins (sometimes even when its administered clinically appropriate). Withdrawal symptoms include: restlessness, irritability, nausea, diarrhea, sweating, and gooseflesh. Subcutaneous ✔✔Injection of medication in a liquid form underneath the skin into the subcutaneous tissue GABA ✔✔inhibitory neurotransmitter slows or calms things down. Heroin (Opiate) ✔✔- Naturally occurring substance extracted from seedpod of various poppy plants. - 1898 - commercially marketed as new pain remedy - 1914 - designated as controlled substance under the Harrison Narcotic Act - Schedule 1 drug. - Route of administration: smoked, snorted, or IV. Greatest intensity and most rapid onset of euphoria (7-8 sec) from IV. Peak effects felt by 10-15 min. - Crosses the blood-brain barrier, converts to morphine, and rapidly binds to opioid receptors in brain. - Serious adverse health side effects: fatal OD, collapsed veins, cardiac depression, and bloodborne infectious diseases (HIV/AIDS, Hep C) + societal consequences such as disruptions in family, work place, etc. - Significant increase of OD (slow, shallow breathing, convulsions, coma) &/or death. - Street heroin often cut with various other substances (sugar, starch, strychnine, etc) that do not dissolve when injected and cause more issues in body. - Major withdrawal symptoms peak btw 48-72 hours after last dose. Subside in about a week. Fentanyl (Rx Opiate) ✔✔- Commonly used and abused agent - Exists in 2 formulations: 1. Injectable form used with other agents during anesthesia, & 2. A skin patch used as a sustained-release form to treat pain. Various other Rx Opiates ✔✔- Morphine, meperidine (Demerol), fentanyl: most commonly appear as prepared injection forms that have been diverted from legal medical use. May be injected either IV or subcutaneously (skin popping). - Codeine, propoxyphene: Lower potency and usually appear in pill form and taken orally. Depressants ✔✔Drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions. - Prescribed to help relieve anxiety, irratibility, and tension. - Normally called "downers" because they calm users down. - With regular use, high potential for abus [Show More]
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