BCAT Exam Questions and Answers Latest 2022 Graded A

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BCAT Exam Questions and Answers Latest 2022 Graded A Motivating Operations (MO) ✔✔An environmental variable that alters the reinforcing effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event. Contin ... gency ✔✔Refers to dependent and/or temporal relations between operant behavior an it's controlling variables. Satiation ✔✔Repeated presentation of a reinforcer weakens its effectiveness and for this reason the rate of responses declines. Positive Reinforcement ✔✔A type of reinforcement in which the presentation of the stimulus is contingent upon the response, resulting in an increase in the future probability of that response Negative Reinforcement ✔✔A type of reinforcement in which removal of a stimulus is contingent on a response, resulting in an increase in the future probability of that response. Positive Punishment ✔✔A type of punishment in which stimulus presentation is contingent on a response, resulting in the decrease of the future probability of that response Negative Punishment ✔✔A type of punishment in which stimulus removal is contingent on a response, resulting in the decrease of the future probability of that response. Establishing Operations (EO) ✔✔Increases motivation for something and increases likelihood you will try to access that reinforcer Abolishing Operations (AO) ✔✔Decreases motivation for something and decreases likelihood you will try to access that reinforcer Discriminative Stimulus (SD) ✔✔A stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced and in the absence of which that response will not be reinf Stimulus Control (Discriminative Control) ✔✔The tendency for the target behavior to occur in the presence of the SD (b/c it was reinforced in the past) Discrimination Training ✔✔Teach the child to respond to/tell the difference between two (or more) SDs. Discrete Trial Training (DTT) ✔✔A specific method of teaching in which a task is isolated and taught across multiple trials. A specific opportunity (antecedent) is presented and a specific response is expected. A consequence follows the response. Fluency-Based Training ✔✔Taking an existing skill and increasing accuracy and speed of skill performance in order to develop competence Errorless Learning ✔✔Involves early and immediate prompting of the target response so that the learner's response is sure to be correct. Most-to-Least Prompting ✔✔Fading from one type of prompt to another less intrusive prompt. Most assistance to least assistance. Least-to-Most Prompting ✔✔Staring with a least intrusive prompt possible and the client is not successful, therefore having to move to more intrusive prompts until the client responds. Chaining ✔✔A chain of sequence of SDs and responses where each response in the sequence (expect for the last one) produces the SD for the next response in the sequence; A complex bx that is comprised of many single responses that occur in a specific sequence Forward Chaining ✔✔Begin with the first SD-Response component in the chain and then continue forward though the remaining SD-Response components Backward Chaining ✔✔Begin with the final step, or the last SD-Response component, then move backwards towards the remaining components Total Task Presentation ✔✔All of the SD-Response components of the chain are taught during every learning trial. A reinforcer is delivered after each SD-Response component. Shaping ✔✔Systematically reinforcing successive approximations of a target bx while extinguishing previous approximations. Noncontingent Reinforcer ✔✔The delivery of functional reinforcers on a time based schedule, independent of the problem behavior Replacement Behavior ✔✔Other behaviors or skills taught that are an appropriate substitute for a problem behavior. Escape Extinction ✔✔Planned ignoring of the problem behavior maintained by social negative reinforcement (the ability to escape a situation/demand) Attention Extinction ✔✔Planned ignoring of the problem behavior maintained by social positive reinforcement (receiving attention from another person) Access to Tangible Extinction ✔✔Planned ig [Show More]

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