Question 1 (5 points) Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
Question 2 (5 points) What is a cons
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Question 1 (5 points) Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
Question 2 (5 points) What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the mitochondria?
Question 3 (5 points) Which statement is a description of one of the characteristics of apoptosis?
Question 4 (5 points) During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell because:
Question 5 (5 points) What is an effect of ionizing radiation exposure?
Question 6 options: chapter 3 q.2 ?Adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling. The metabolic rates of obese adults are slower than those of lean adults. The rates of urine output of obese adults are higher than those of lean adults. The thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively.
Question 7 (5 points) In addition to osmosis, what force is involved in the movement of water between the plasma and interstitial fluid spaces?
Question 8 (5 points) Venous obstruction is a cause of edema because of an increase in which pressure?
Question 9 (5 points) At the arterial end of capillaries, fluid moves from the intravascular space into the interstitial space because:
Question 10 (5 points) It is true that natriuretic peptides:
Question 11 (5 points) What causes the clinical manifestations of confusion, convulsions, cerebral hemorrhage, and coma in hypernatremia?
Question 12 (5 points) A major determinant of the resting membrane potential necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses is the ratio between:
Question 13 (5 points) In hyperkalemia, what change occurs to the cells’ resting membrane potential?
Question 14 (5 points) Physiologic pH is maintained at approximately 7.4 because bicarbonate (HCO3) and carbonic acid (H2CO3) exist in a ratio of:
Question 15 (5 points) Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure results in edema because of: Question 16 (5 points) Hypomethylation and the resulting effect on oncogenes result in: Question 17 (5 points) The functions of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and CD1 molecules are alike because both:
Question 18 (5 points) The B-cell receptor (BCR) complex functions uniquely by:
Question 19 (5 points) The generation of clonal diversity includes a process that:
Question 20 (5 points) Vaccinations are able to provide protection against certain microorganisms because of the:
Question 21 (5 points) What is the mechanism that results in type II hypersensitivity reactions?. Question 22 (5 points) When soluble antigens from infectious agents enter circulation, tissue damage is a result of:
Question 23 (5 points) ? Considering the hypothalamus, a fever is produced by:
Question 23 options: a) Endogenous pyrogens acting directly on the hypothalamus b) Exogenous pyrogens acting directly on the hypothalamus c) Immune complexes acting indirectly on the hypothalamus d) Cytokines acting indirectly on the hypothalamus Question 24 (5 points) Vaccines against viruses are created from:
Question 24 options: a) Killed organisms or extracts of antigens b) Live organisms weakened to produce antigens c) Purified toxins that have been chemically detoxified d) Recombinant pathogenic protein
Question 25 (5 points) Carcinoma in situ is characterized by which changes?
Question 26 (5 points) Two “hits” are required to inactivate tumor-suppressor genes because:
Question 27 (5 points) What is the skin-related health risk induced by some types of chemotherapy? Question 27 options: a) Infection b) Ultraviolet damage c) Pain d) Erythema
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