NURS 220 Final Exam Latest Updated Graded A+

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Adolescent breast development competence 1. stimulation of... 2. breast development: _____ years of Tanner Staging 3. Menarche 4. Temporary asymmetry of breasts - ANSWER 1. estrogen 2. 8-10 ... Pregnant women breast development competence 1. Breast changes occur during __ month of pregnancy 2. Colostrum expressed at ___ month 3. Lactation begins ___ days post-partum - ANSWER 1. 2nd 2. 4th 3. 1-3 This thick yellow fluid is precursor for milk, containing same amount of protein and lactose, but practically no fat - ANSWER Colostrum Breasts produce colostrum for.... - ANSWER first few days after delivery Colostrum is rich with antibodies that protect - ANSWER newborn against infection, so breastfeeding is important. Lactation, milk production, begins.... - ANSWER 1 to 3 days postpartum whitish color is from emulsified fat and calcium caseinate - ANSWER Lactation Older Women breast developmental competence After menopause - ANSWER estrogen and progesterone decreases, causing atrophy -decreased breast size -axillary hair is decreased -A lump that may be present for years may appear -Around nipple, the lactiferous ducts are more palpable and feel firm and stringy because of fibrosis and calcification Male Breast Developmental Competence -Rudimentary structure consisting... (1) -(2) during adolescent is common (usually unilateral and temporary).This may reappear in aging male and may be due to testosterone deficiency - ANSWER (1) of a thin disk of undeveloped tissue underlying nipple (2)Gynecomastia Onset of Puberty -Research data indicate age differences in onset of puberty according to different... (1) - (2) contributes to early onset of puberty -Menses began at an average age of (3) years for black girls and age (3) for white girls. - ANSWER (1) ethnic groups. (2) Obesity (3) 12.16, 13 second major cancer death cause in women - ANSWER breast cancer what has increased rate of survival for breast cancer - ANSWER early detection and improved treatment Women who inherit mutations of BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 on one or both sides are at an increased risk for developing... - ANSWER breast or ovarian cancer. Women's Health Initiative (WHI) study looked at increased risk linkage with use of combined... - ANSWER hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and development of breast cancer. Screening mammography annual screening is recommended starting at age - ANSWER 40 Lifestyle risk factors relate to risk of breast cancer - ANSWER -Alcohol has dose-dependent effect. -Continuation of physical exercise during aging helps reduce risk. -Postmenopausal weight gain negates effects of physical exercise. Factors contributing to breast health care access include - ANSWER low income, lack of health insurance, geographic, cultural and language barriers, and racial bias. "Alcohol/Western" dietary pattern linked to increased risk of... - ANSWER breast cancer, especially with estrogen or progesterone + tumors "Mediterranean" dietary pattern linked to a modest protective effect against - ANSWER breast cancer Risk is different depending on type: combination HRT - increases risk by _____ even when only for a short period of time (Pempro); estrogen only HRT increases risk by ____ but only when used for more than 10 years - ANSWER 75% 10% is asymmetry in breast size common - ANSWER yes, left breast is slightly larger than the right Inspection of skin of breast - ANSWER -Normally smooth and of even color -Note any localized areas of redness, bulging, or dimpling; also any skin lesions or focal vascular pattern. [Show More]

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