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BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW MODULE 1 2021 SOLUTIONS

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BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW MODULE 1 2021 SOLUTIONS DNA1. Located in nucleus 2. Double helix 3. Nucleic acid 4. Adenine/Guanine/Cytosine/Thymine 5. A-T/C-G pairing 6. Duplicates itself and passes on to ... generation to generation 7. Contains 46 chromosomes (23 pairs from mother and father) 8. Stores and transmits-chemicals and traits RNA1. Carries important info from DNA to the body (Transcription) 2. Used to make proteins (Translation) 3. Single stranded 4. 3 types of RNA (mRNA- messenger contains codons, rRNA-ribosomal contains 2 subunits and tRNA- transfer amino acid with end codon) 5. mRNA- Adenine/Guanine/Cytosine/Uracil 6. A-U/C-G pairing Central Dogma- replication of DNA process= DNA- transcription- RNA- translation- Protein Steps of DNA replication1. DNA must be separated individual nucleotides and matches them up to the parental sequences to ensure a correct pair. • DNA polymerase does not start synthesis of a new strand, it must bind with a RNA primer • RNA primer is synthesized by RNA polymerase Genes- encoded with information/ small segment of DNA 1. Gene Expression- the ability to turn genes on and off 2. Epigenetics- packaging of DNA: DNA wrapped around histones to make nucleosomes Wide spread nucleosomes=genes ON (i.e. a dance floor-more space you can get your dance ON) • Tightly packed nucleosomes = genes OFF • Environment can change genetics in generation [Show More]

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