BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW MODULE 1 2021 SOLUTIONS
DNA1. Located in nucleus
2. Double helix
3. Nucleic acid
4. Adenine/Guanine/Cytosine/Thymine
5. A-T/C-G pairing
6. Duplicates itself and passes on to generation to genera
...
BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW MODULE 1 2021 SOLUTIONS
DNA1. Located in nucleus
2. Double helix
3. Nucleic acid
4. Adenine/Guanine/Cytosine/Thymine
5. A-T/C-G pairing
6. Duplicates itself and passes on to generation to generation
7. Contains 46 chromosomes (23 pairs from mother and father)
8. Stores and transmits-chemicals and traits
RNA1. Carries important info from DNA to the body (Transcription)
2. Used to make proteins (Translation)
3. Single stranded
4. 3 types of RNA (mRNA- messenger contains codons, rRNA-ribosomal contains 2 subunits and
tRNA- transfer amino acid with end codon)
5. mRNA- Adenine/Guanine/Cytosine/Uracil
6. A-U/C-G pairing
Central Dogma- replication of DNA process= DNA- transcription- RNA- translation- Protein
Steps of DNA replication1. DNA must be separated
individual nucleotides and matches them up to the parental sequences to ensure a correct
pair.
• DNA polymerase does not start synthesis of a new strand, it must bind with a RNA primer
• RNA primer is synthesized by RNA polymerase
Genes- encoded with information/ small segment of DNA
1. Gene Expression- the ability to turn genes on and off
2. Epigenetics- packaging of DNA: DNA wrapped around histones to make nucleosomes
Wide spread nucleosomes=genes ON (i.e. a dance floor-more space you can get your
dance ON)
• Tightly packed nucleosomes = genes OFF
• Environment can change genetics in generation
[Show More]
.png)
