POLS_1101_STUDY GUIDE chapter 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED LATEST 2022

1. What is politics? Politics is the process through which individuals and groups reach agreement on a course of common, or collective action—even if they disagree on the intended goals of that action 2. Why are barg ...

1. What is politics? Politics is the process through which individuals and groups reach agreement on a course of common, or collective action—even if they disagree on the intended goals of that action 2. Why are bargaining and compromise important to politics? Because a group must reach a collective decision 3. What are preferences? Preferences are individual choices, reflecting economic situation, religious values, ethnic identity or other valued interests 4. What are institutions? Institutions are organizations that manage potential conflicts between political rivals, help them to find mutually acceptable solutions, and makes and enforces the society’s collective agreements. 5. What is a constitution? A constitution is a set of rules and procedures these institutions must follow to reach and enforce collective agreements 6. What is a government? Why are they important? A government consists of a constitution and the legally prescribed process for making and enforcing collective agreements. 7. What is authority? How is it different from power? Authority is the acknowledged right to make a particular decision. Power refers to the officeholders actual influence with other officeholders. 8. Why have institutional reform and how does it generally occur? Institution reforms can be made to make the institutions perform more efficiently, or to enable them to accomplish new goals. Reform usually occurs very slowly and minimally. 9. What is a collective action problem? The efforts of a group to reach and implement decisions 10. Why are collective action problems difficult to overcome? Think of a specific example. Collective action problems are difficult to overcome because of difficulties in coordination and the prisoners dilemma EXAMPLE: 11. What is coordination? Coordination is when the members of a group must decide individually what they want, what they are prepared to contribute to the collective enterprise, and how to coordinate their efforts with those of others. 12. What is the prisoner’s dilemma? This study source was downloaded by 100000842722785 from CourseHero.com on 10-09-2022 00:45:49 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/7406280/POLS-1101-chapter-1/ The prisoners dilemma is when individuals decide that even though they support some collective undertaking, they are personally better off pursuing an activity that rewards them individually despite undermining the collective effort.