Psychologists can use animals in research if what 2 conditions are met?
1. It is in compliance with current federal, state, and local laws and regulations, and with professional standards.; 2. Reasonable efforts are mad
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Psychologists can use animals in research if what 2 conditions are met?
1. It is in compliance with current federal, state, and local laws and regulations, and with professional standards.; 2. Reasonable efforts are made to minimize discomfort, infection, illness, and pain to animals.
Psychologists are required to work within the boundaries of their ___________, which can be based on their education, training, supervised experience, consultation, study, or professional experience.
Competence
What course of action should you take if you discover a colleague has been violating an ethical standard that puts no clients in direct harm?
Attempt to resolve the problem informally by discussing the matter with the offender
When should a psychologist make a formal report to the Ethics Committee, state licensing board, or other appropriate authority regarding unethical behavior by a colleague?
When the problem involves "substantial harm" and is not appropriate for an informal resolution or has not been resolved satisfactorily by an attempt at an informal resolution
________ always takes precedence over the need to educate or punish an offending psychologist, which must always be considered before filing a complaint.
Client Confidentiality
When recording voices and/or images in research, when is informed consent not required?
When the research consists solely of naturalistic observations in public places, and it is not anticipated that the recording will be used in a manner that could cause personal identification or harm
When is informed consent provided in research that involves recording voices and/or images and deception?
Informed consent is provided during debriefing
What is the legal concept that protects a client's confidentiality in the context of legal proceedings?
Privilege
Typically, __________ is the holder of the privilege.
The client
What has the data on sexual misconduct by therapists consistently shown?
Male therapists violate much more than female therapists, and they are usually older (42-44 y/o) than the female clients (30-33 y/o) they become involved with
What relationships have been found between risk for sexual misconduct and theoretical orientation, professional experience, or education?
None (Pope et al., 1993)
When can a psychologist use client testimonials?
When they are not solicited from current therapy clients or other persons who, because of their circumstances, are vulnerable to undue influence
In a consultative relationship, when is it appropriate to disclose confidential client information?
1. When the consultant and consultee have a confidential relationship; 2. If the consultee has obtained prior consent of the person or organization; 3. If disclosure is unavoidable
A psychologist has been meeting regularly with a child whose parents recently filed for divorce and have requested a child custody evaluation. What course of action should the psychologist take?
While not required, The Guidelines state psychologists generally avoid conducting such evaluations when s/he has served in a therapeutic role for the child or their family
What 4 conditions must be met in order for a client to bring a claim of malpractice against a psychologist?
1. Psychologist must have had aprofessional relationship with the person; 2. Must be a demonstrable standard of care breached by psychologist; 3. Person suffered harm or injury; 4. Harm or injury was proximally caused by psychologist's breach of duty within context of standard of care
Is it ever appropriate for a psychologist to pay, receive payment from, or divide fees with another professional for referring them a client?
No, this is unethical. All payments in such situations must be based on the services provided (e.g., clinical, consultative, administrative)
What legal decision originally established a psychologists "duty to warn," which later became a "duty to protect?"
The Tarasoff Decision, which regards a client's admission of intent to harm another person
Bartering is allowed only if what two conditions are met?
1. It is not clinically contraindicated; 2. It is not exploitative
In a legal proceeding, if a defendant lacks sufficient present ability to consult with his lawyer with a reasonable degree of rational understanding, and a rational as well as a factual understanding of the proceedings against him/her, s/he is deemed ________.
Incompetent to stand trial
A person who by reason of education or specialized experience possesses superior knowledge regarding a subject about which persons having no particular training are incapable of forming an accurate opinion or deducing correct conclusions is referred to as an ________.
Expert Witness
A ________ refers to a person who testifies as to what they saw, heard, or otherwise observed regarding a circumstance, event or occurrence as it actually took place.
Fact Witness
________ are allowed to offer professional opinions and provide testimony based on hypothetical scenarios, while ________ cannot.
Expert Witnesses; Fact Witnesses
When taking on a new therapy client, when should a psychologist obtain informed consent?
As early as is
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