CLT Exam 1 Questions with correct Answers

Which of the following statements is true? - ANSWER At minimum two levels of control should be tested daily for each test run in the laboratory. When comparing an instrument to its peer group, which statistic provides ...

Which of the following statements is true? - ANSWER At minimum two levels of control should be tested daily for each test run in the laboratory. When comparing an instrument to its peer group, which statistic provides the most useful information regrind its ACCURACY - ANSWER SDI- standard deviation index When comparing an instrument to its peer group, which statistic provides the most useful description of OVERALL IMPRECISION - ANSWER CVR 2(2s) - ANSWER Detects systematic error 1(3s) - ANSWER Detects rondom error If the light source on an instrument is gradually weakening, it could contribute to what type of error? - ANSWER Systematic error If you change reagent on the instrument and your control results demonstrates a sudden and consistent increase in value, this phenomena is - ANSWER A shift in performance due to systematic error If one of two control values within a single test run is between 2s and 3s on the positive side, you should - ANSWER Accept the run if no error can be detected Dilution - ANSWER Decrease concentration by adding water/solvent Solute - ANSWER Substance being dissolved Solvent - ANSWER The substance in which the solute dissolves in Ratio - ANSWER Comparison of solute to solvent Example of ratios to dilutions (3/27) - ANSWER Dilution- 1/9 Dilution factor- 9 Serum needed to make dilution- 1 Saline needed to make dilution- 8 Tube dilution - ANSWER Dilution ratio in that tube alone Solution dilution - ANSWER Actual concentration of the solvent in each tube (dependent on the previous dilutions) Final concentration - ANSWER The solution dilution of the last tube %w/w - ANSWER (Unit weights of solute = grams of solute) / (100 ml of solution = 1dL of solution) %w/v - ANSWER (Grams of solute = grams of solute) / (100 mL of solution = 1 dL of solution) %v/v - ANSWER (mL of concentration = mL of concentrate) / 100 mL of solution = 1 dL of solution) Molarity - ANSWER The number of moles of solute per liter of solution Normality - ANSWER (Grams of solute/G eqw) / L Anticoagulants - ANSWER Prevent blood clot formation EX- EDTA, sodium citrate, and heparin Additive - ANSWER A substance added to something in small quantities, typically to improve or preserve it. EX- thrombin, sodium fluoride, gel 1. Yellow - ANSWER Blood cultures SPS 2. Light blue - ANSWER Citrate tube 3. Gold or Red/gray - ANSWER BD vacutainer SST gel separator tube Clot activator 4. Light green or green/gray - ANSWER Light green- lithium heparin Dark green- sodium heparin 5. Lavender - ANSWER EDTA 6. White - ANSWER BD vacutainer PPT separator tube K2, EDTA with gel 7. Gray - ANSWER Fluoride (glucose) tube Mohr Pipette - ANSWER The graduation always ends before the tip Serological Pipette - ANSWER The graduation marks continue to the tip TD pipettes - ANSWER To deliver large amounts Absence of the ring More common than TC pipette TC pipette - ANSWER To contain The number 1 test to run on a lavender top tube - ANSWER Complete blood count Ability of blood to form and dissolve clots - ANSWER Coagulation If you have a tube with an additive and centrafuse it, what will you get? - ANSWER Plasma What department do we send a light blue top tube? - ANSWER Coagulation The breakdown or metabolism of glucose by blood cells - ANSWER Glycolysis A thin, fluid-filled sac surrounding the heart - ANSWER Pericardium What additive is in a lavender top tube? - ANSWER Potassium EDTA A substance that prevents blood from clotting - ANSWER Anticoagulant Small veins that join capillaries - ANSWER Venules Where do you send a sterile tube? - ANSWER Microbiology A substance that enhances the coagulation process - ANSWER Clot activator The blood clotting process - ANSWER Coagulation What is sterile, light blue, red, gold, light green, dark green, lavender, gray? - ANSWER Order of draw No substance added to tube - ANSWER Non-additive If I have a green top tube and don't centrifuge it, what do I get? - ANSWER Whole blood Plasma separator tube - ANSWER PST If I have a red top tube and centrafuse it, what do I get? - ANSWER Serum An under filled or partially filled tube - ANSWER Short draw What prevents blood from flowing back into the ventricles? - ANSWER Valves What is arterial pressure during relaxation of ventricles? - ANSWER Disastole Biosafety - ANSWER The application of safety precautions that reduce a laboratorian's risk of exposure to a potentially infection microbe and limit contamination of the work environment and, ultimately, the community Biosafety levels - ANSWER Specific controls for containment of microbes and biological agents Standard microbiological practices - ANSWER Common to all laboratories BSL-1 - ANSWER Microbes are nonpathogenic BSL-2 - ANSWER The microbes are typically indigenous and are associated with diseases of varying severity BSL-3 - ANSWER Microbes can be indigenous or exotic, and cause serious or potentially lethal disease through respiratory transmission BSL-4 - ANSWER Microbes are dangerous and exotic, high risk of aerosol-transmitted infections Volumetric pipette - ANSWER Delivers a single, specified volume Not completely drained or blown out Tip never comes in contact with the fluid in the container Most accurate pipette and should be used when diluting or preparing standards and controls Air displacement micropipettes - ANSWER Vacuum is generated by the metal or ceramic piston in an airtight sleeve Very precise and accurate Must be maintained and calibrated Positive displacement pipette - ANSWER Similar to air displacement Used for viscous substances like DNA The disposable tip is a micro syringe composed of a plunger which directly displaces the liquid. Notes for pipetting - ANSWER Hold the pipette in a vertical position to increase accuracy and precision Pipette solutions that are at room temperature to avoid errors caused by contraction and/or expansion of fluids Any air bubble will invalidate the volume of liquid Micro-volume pipette procedure - ANSWER Depress the plunger knob The plastic pipette tip must be properly fitted Pre-rinse Hold in vertical position Never allow the plunger knob to snap back Depress the knob BEFORE inserting the pipette to avoid air bubbles Don't drown the tip- try to insert the tip into the sample around the same depth each time Do not touch the inside wall of the receiving vessel MLA pipette - ANSWER TD pipette Only 1 plunger stop position